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% referencias.bib — Filosofía y conocimiento (Monografía técnica 26311M9)
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% Campos "note" con PENDIENTE indican entradas que requieren revisión manual.
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@article{abramo2017relationship,
  author       = {Abramo, Giovanni and Andrea Ciriaco D’Angelo and Murgia, Gianluca},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The relationship among research productivity, research collaboration, and their determinants},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Informetrics},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.joi.2017.09.007},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.09.007},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.5. Modelos cooperativos y gestión de la complejidad interdisciplinar / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{upv2026licencias,
  author       = {{Biblioteca de la Universitat Politècnica de València}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {BiblioGuías: Acceso abierto: Licencias Creative Commons},
  organization = {Universitat Politècnica de València},
  url          = {https://upv-es.libguides.com/acceso-abierto/creative-commons},
  urldate      = {2026-08-21},
  note         = {Guía elaborada por Marta Abarca Villoldo. Última actualización: 30 de julio de 2026},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo open-access y las licencias creative-commons},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
}

@online{ehu2026acceso,
  author       = {{ehuBiblioteka, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea}},
  title        = {Acceso abierto, derechos de autor y Creative Commons},
  organization = {Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea},
  url          = {https://www.ehu.eus/es/web/biblioteka/sarbide-irekia},
  urldate      = {2026-08-21},
  note         = {Sección «Uso responsable y propiedad intelectual» de ehuBiblioteka. Cubre el depósito en el repositorio Addi, la retención de derechos de autor y los tipos de licencia Creative Commons},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo open-access y las licencias creative-commons},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace | PENDIENTE-fecha},
}

@article{adger2013cultural,
  author       = {Adger, W. Neil and Barnett, Jon and Brown, Katrina and Marshall, Nadine and O'Brien, Karen},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Cultural dimensions of climate change impacts and adaptation},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  volume       = {3},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {112--117},
  doi          = {10.1038/nclimate1666},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1666},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{adler2009when,
  author       = {Adler, Nancy J. and Harzing, Anne-Wil},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {When knowledge wins: Transcending the sense and nonsense of academic rankings},
  journaltitle = {Academy of Management Learning \& Education},
  volume       = {8},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {72--95},
  doi          = {10.5465/amle.2009.37012181},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2009.37012181},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: el DOI que aportó el autor manda. La entrada databa el trabajo en 2020 y es de 2009; volumen, número y páginas añadidos},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
}

@misc{adoption2021home,
  author       = {Home broadband adoption and computer ownership vary by race and ethnicity in the U.S. JULY 16},
  year         = {2021},
  url          = {https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/07/16/home-broadband-adoption-computer-ownership-vary-by-race-ethnicity-in-the-u-s/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(media)},
}

@article{aerts2023integrating,
  author       = {Aerts, J. C and et al},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Integrating human behaviour dynamics into flood disaster risk assessment},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41558-018-0085-1},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0085-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2023},
}

@article{aghion2015patent,
  author       = {Aghion, Philippe and Peter Howitt and Prantl, Susanne},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Patent rights, product market reforms, and innovation},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Economic Growth},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10887-015-9114-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-015-9114-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{aksnes2023global,
  author       = {Aksnes, Dag W and Sivertsen, Gunnar},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Global trends in international research collaboration, 1980-2021},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Data and Information Science},
  doi          = {10.2478/jdis-2023-0015},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2023-0015},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.5. Modelos cooperativos y gestión de la complejidad interdisciplinar / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{al2016proceedings,
  author       = {Correction for Eklund et al and Cluster failure: Why fMRI inferences for spatial extent have inflated false-positive rates},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Correction for Eklund et al Cluster failure},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1612033113},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612033113},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{albareda2025ethical,
  author       = {Albareda, J. L},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The Ethical Paradox of Automation: {AI} Moral Status as a Challenge to the End of Human Work},
  journaltitle = {Topoi},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11245-025-10250-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-025-10250-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{alcaide2012fuentes,
  author       = {González Alcaide, G and Aleixandre Benavent, R},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Fuentes de información y documentación en ciencia y tecnología},
  journaltitle = {Madrid: Síntesis},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Cauces formales: revistas científicas, bases de datos, congresos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{alcaide2019evaluacion,
  author       = {González Alcaide, G and Aleixandre Benavent, R},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Evaluación del rendimiento investigador: indicadores bibliométricos e índices sintéticos},
  journaltitle = {Madrid: Síntesis},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@misc{alimentario2024comunidad,
  author       = {alimentario, Fraude},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Comunidad de Madrid},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
}

@online{allsfconference,
  title        = {All Conference alert},
  url          = {https://www.allconferencealert.com/social-sciences-and-humanities.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{alodat2023social,
  author       = {Alodat, Abdelsalam M and Lamis F. Al-Qora’n and Hamoud, Muwafaq Abu},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Social Media Platforms and Political Participation: A Study of Jordanian Youth Engagement},
  journaltitle = {Social Sciences},
  doi          = {10.3390/socsci12070402},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070402},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{an2024cost,
  author       = {An, Y and Williams, M and Xiao, M},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The Cost of Knowledge: Academic Journal Pricing and Research Dissemination},
  journaltitle = {{SSRN} Electronic Journal},
  doi          = {10.2139/ssrn.4691124},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4691124},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{andersen2020generational,
  author       = {Andersen, Kim and Jakob Ohme, Camilla Bjarnøe and Mats Joe Bordacconi, Erik Albæk and Vreese, Claes de},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Generational gaps in political media use and civic engagement: From baby boomers to generation Z},
  publisher    = {London: Routledge},
  url          = {https://core.ac.uk/reader/344665774},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento / listado final},
}

@book{anon1987black,
  author       = {———},
  year         = {1987},
  title        = {Black-body theory and the quantum discontinuity, 1894-1912},
  publisher    = {Chicago},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{anon2004true,
  author       = {———},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {True to Life: Why Truth Matters},
  editor       = {Bucchi, Massimiano and Trench, Brian},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  location     = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{anon2012structure,
  author       = {———},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The structure of scientific revolutions: 50Th anniversary edition (edic},
  publisher    = {orig},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@online{anon2018lasexta,
  author       = {laSexta.com},
  year         = {2018},
  date         = {2018-10-21},
  title        = {El imperio económico de las pseudociencias: así ganan miles de millones de euros por remedios sin base científica},
  url          = {https://www.lasexta.com/noticias/sociedad/el-millonario-negocio-de-las-pseudociencias-ganan-millones-de-euros-por-remedios-sin-base-cientifica_201810215bcc95da0cf2fd5173881b6c.htm},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | verificado-autor},
}

@misc{anon2020tips,
  author       = {27, Shayna Joubert (July},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {10 Tips for Effective Science Communication},
  url          = {https://graduate.northeastern.edu/resources/tips-for-effective-science-communication/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
}

@misc{anon2023closing,
  author       = {18, Closing the digital divide in Black America. January},
  year         = {2023},
  url          = {https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/public-sector/our-insights/closing-the-digital-divide-in-black-america},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(media)},
}

@techreport{oecd2020digitalframework,
  author       = {{OECD}},
  title        = {The OECD Digital Government Policy Framework: Six Dimensions of a Digital Government},
  institution  = {OECD Publishing},
  series       = {OECD Public Governance Policy Papers},
  number       = {02},
  year         = {2020},
  doi          = {10.1787/f64fed2a-en},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1787/f64fed2a-en},
  note         = {OECD Public Governance Policy Papers No. 02}
}

@online{anonsfacademico,
  title        = {[{PDF} académico – Gabriela Irrazabal]()},
  url          = {https://www.aacademica.org/gabriela.irrazabal/50.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfelsevier,
  title        = {[Elsevier – Validación de escala de funcionamiento]()},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-spanish-journal-psychiatry-mental-health-286-articulo-validacion-version-espanola-escala-funcionamiento-S1888989111000024},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{medina2024chg,
  author       = {Medina, J.},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {La CHG avisa a los ayuntamientos de Granada que deben evitar construir en zonas inundables y gestionar los cauces urbanos},
  journaltitle = {Granada Hoy},
  url          = {https://www.granadahoy.com/provincia/chg-avisa-ayuntamientos-granada-evitar-construir-inundables-cauces-urbanos_0_2002362159.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {verificado-enlace},
}

@online{anonsfinteligencia,
  author       = {UNESCO},
  year         = {2025},  
  title        = {La Inteligencia Artificial en la Educación - {UNESCO}},
  url          = {https://www.unesco.org/es/digital-education/artificial-intelligence?hub=83250},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | verificado-autor | verificado-anio},
}

@online{anonsflibro,
  author    = {Beck, Judith S.},
  title     = {Cognitive Behavior Therapy: Basics and Beyond},
  edition   = {2nd},
  year      = {2011},
  publisher = {Guilford Press},
  address   = {New York},
  langid    = {english},
  keywords  = {cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT, clinical psychology}
}

@online{anonsfmetodo,
  title        = {El método científico},
  url          = {https://es.khanacademy.org/science/biology/intro-to-biology/science-of-biology/a/the-science-of-biology},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfnobel,
  title        = {[Nobel Controversies: Golgi vs Ramon y Cajal]()},
  url          = {https://www.youtube.com/embed/yw3FDJHHD1I},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{zadrozny_collins2020,
  author       = {Zadrozny, Brandy and Collins, Ben},
  title        = {YouTube bans QAnon, other conspiracy content that targets individuals},
  year         = {2020},
  month        = {oct},
  day          = {15},
  publisher    = {NBC News},
  url          = {https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/youtube-bans-qanon-other-conspiracy-content-targets-individuals-n1243525},
  note         = {Publicado 15 Oct 2020; "YouTube said it would be enforcing the updated policy immediately and plans to 'ramp up in the weeks to come.'"}
}

@online{anonsfpolitica,
  title        = {La política en la {SOCIEDAD} {DEL} {CONOCIMIENTO}},
  url          = {https://isaachernandez.es/consultoria-politica/la-politica-en-la-sociedad-del-conocimiento/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfpubmed,
  title        = {[PubMed – Estudio sobre mutación]()},
  url          = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31758858/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfrenacimiento,
  title        = {El Renacimiento y la revolución científica},
  url          = {https://historiadelaciencia-mnieto.uniandes.edu.co/pdf/RENACIMIENTOYREVOLUCION.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfroyal,
  title        = {[Royal College of Psychiatrists – {CBT} en español]()},
  url          = {https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/translations/spanish/cognitive-behavioural-therapy},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfscielo,
  title        = {[SciELO – Artículo sobre terapia cognitiva]()},
  url          = {https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S0214-78232022000300004&script=sci_arttext},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsftips,
  title        = {10 Tips to Successful Science Communication},
  url          = {https://www.uab.edu/ccts/news-events/10-tips-to-successful-science-communication},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfumiami,
  title        = {[{CBT} en UMiami Health]()},
  url          = {https://umiamihealth.org/es/tratamientos-y-servicios/psiquiatr%C3%ADa/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-cbt},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{anonsfwikipedia,
  title        = {[Wikipedia – Método científico]()},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9todo_cient%C3%ADfico},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{anthony2008ocean,
  author       = {Anthony, K. R. N and D. I. Kline, G. Diaz-Pulido and S. Dove and Hoegh-Guldberg, O.},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Ocean Acidification Causes Bleaching and Productivity Loss in Coral Reef Builders},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.0804478105},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804478105},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{arditi2019digital,
  author       = {Arditi, David},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Digital Demagogue: Authoritarian Capitalism in the Age of Trump and Twitter},
  journaltitle = {New Political Science},
  doi          = {10.1080/07393148.2019.1680190},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2019.1680190},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{arenales2022sara,
  author       = {Arenales, M. G},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Sara tenía 30 perforaciones en varios órganos, lesiones más propias de una reyerta con armas},
  journaltitle = {la muerte en España de una mujer tras una operación de cirugía estética},
  url          = {https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-60033092},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{arndt2025media,
  author       = {Arndt, T},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Media bias: Examining the facts},
  journaltitle = {Bloomsbury Academic},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{arntz2020digitalization,
  author       = {Arntz, M and Gregory, T and Zierahn, U},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Digitalization and the Future of Work: Macroeconomic Consequences},
  journaltitle = {Structural Change and Economic Dynamics},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{aroney2023reassessing,
  author       = {Aroney, M},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Reassessing the Marginalization of Astrology in the Early Modern World},
  journaltitle = {The Historical Journal},
  doi          = {10.1017/S0018246X23000328},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X23000328},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{articulossfarticulos,
  title        = {Artículos en publicaciones científicas y técnicas | Data},
  url          = {https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicator/IP.JRN.ARTC.SC},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@book{asma2019emotional,
  author       = {Asma, Stephen T},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The emotional mind: The affective roots of culture and cognition},
  publisher    = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{atiyeh2008aesthetic,
  author       = {Atiyeh, B. S and Rubeiz, M. T and Hayek, S. N},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Aesthetic/Cosmetic Surgery and Ethical Challenges},
  journaltitle = {Aesthetic Plastic Surgery},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00266-008-9246-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-008-9246-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{aznar-crespo2024escribir,
  author       = {Aznar-Crespo, P and Aledo, A and Ortiz, G and Tur-Vives, J},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Cómo escribir mensajes de alerta frente a inundaciones},
  journaltitle = {Agua y Territorio},
  doi          = {10.17561/at.24.8059},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.17561/at.24.8059},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{baldassarre2013socio,
  author       = {Di Baldassarre, G and Viglione, A and Carr, G and Kuil, L and Salinas, J. L and Blöschl, G},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Socio-hydrology: conceptualising human-flood interactions},
  journaltitle = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},
  doi          = {10.5194/hess-17-3295-2013},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3295-2013},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{balogway2020evolving,
  author       = {Balog‐Way, D and McComas, K and Besley, J},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Evolving Field of Risk Communication},
  journaltitle = {Risk Analysis},
  doi          = {10.1111/risa.13615},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13615},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{harrington2023,
  author  = {Harrington, Luke J. and Otto, Friederike E. L.},
  title   = {Underestimated Climate Risks from Population Ageing},
  journal = {npj Climate and Atmospheric Science},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {6},
  number  = {1},
  pages   = {70},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41612-023-00398-z},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-023-00398-z}
}

@misc{morrison2026,
  author    = {Morrison, Alex},
  title     = {Underestimates in global warming pose major climate and financial risks},
  year      = {2026},
  month     = {jan},
  day       = {14},
  howpublished = {Technical report / white paper},
  url       = {https://greenfuturessolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Parasol-Lost-Final.pdf},
  note      = {Parasol Lost. Green Future Solutions, 14 January 2026}
}

@article{kube2025,
  author  = {Kube, Tobias and Huhn, Jasmin and Menzel, Claudia},
  title   = {Optimistic Bias in Updating Beliefs about Climate Change Longitudinally Predicts Low Pro‐environmental Behaviour},
  journal = {British Journal of Social Psychology},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {64},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {e12905},
  doi     = {10.1111/bjso.12905},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12905},
  pmcid   = {PMC12095902},
  note    = {Artículo disponible en PMC}
}

@article{barassi2016datafied,
  author       = {Barassi, Veronica},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Datafied Citizens? Social Media Activism, Digital Traces and the Question about Political Profiling},
  journaltitle = {Communication and the Public},
  doi          = {10.1177/2057047316683200},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/2057047316683200},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@misc{barcena2016planificacion,
  author       = {Bárcena, A and otros (CEPAL},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Planificación y prospectiva para la construcción de futuro en América Latina y el Caribe},
  url          = {https://www.oitcinterfor.org/sites/default/files/file_publicacion/S1600345_es.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
}

@book{beauchamp2019principles,
  author       = {Beauchamp, T. L and Childress, J. F},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Principles of biomedical ethics (8th ed.)},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@article{becher2001academic,
  author       = {Becher, T and Trowler, P. R},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Academic tribes and territories: Intellectual enquiry and the culture of disciplines},
  journaltitle = {McGraw-Hill Education ({UK})},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{beer2019disrupting,
  author       = {De Beer, J},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Disrupting Copyright through Blockchain},
  journaltitle = {Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{belter2015bibliometric,
  author       = {Belter, Christopher W},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Bibliometric indicators: opportunities and limits},
  journaltitle = {Journal of the Medical Library Association},
  doi          = {10.3163/1536-5050.103.4.014},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.103.4.014},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@misc{bender2021dangers,
  author       = {Bender, E.M and Gebru, T and McMillan-Major, A and Shmitchell, S},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? Proceedings of the 2021 {ACM} Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 610-623},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
}

@article{benkler2018network,
  author       = {Benkler, Yochai and Robert Faris and Roberts, Hal},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Network Propaganda},
  journaltitle = {Oxford University PressNew York},
  doi          = {10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{benkler2018networkb,
  author       = {Benkler, Yochai and Robert Faris and Roberts, Hal},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Network propaganda: Manipulation, disinformation, and radicalization in American politics},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{benson2007truth,
  author       = {Benson, Ophelia and Stangroom, Jeremy},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Why truth matters},
  journaltitle = {Continuum International Publishing Group},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{benson2022crisis,
  author       = {Benson, R and Stitzlein, H},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {A Crisis of Copyright? Digital Education and the Redistribution of Intellectual Property Rights},
  journaltitle = {The Information Society},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{bently2022intellectual,
  author       = {Bently, Lionel and Brad Sherman, Dev Gangjee and Johnson, Phillip},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Intellectual Property Law},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@misc{beretervide2019conocimiento,
  author       = {Beretervide, V},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Conocimiento, afectividad y verdad: Un camino de integración},
  url          = {https://www.aacademica.org/000-111/159},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@book{bergmann2021radical,
  author       = {Bergmann, M},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Radical skepticism and epistemic intuition},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press {USA} - {OSO}},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo / listado final},
}

@book{bernecker2011routledge,
  author       = {Bernecker, S and Pritchard, D},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {The routledge companion to epistemology},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  url          = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781136882012},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
  verificacion = {Volumen anfitrion del capitulo citado en fumerton2011skepticism},
}

@article{bernstein1999vertical,
  author       = {Bernstein, B},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {Vertical and horizontal discourse: An essay},
  journaltitle = {British journal of sociology of education},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{bessen2008patent,
  author       = {Bessen, James and Meurer, Michael J.},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Patent Failure: How Judges, Bureaucrats, and Lawyers Put Innovators at Risk},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  location     = {Princeton},
  isbn         = {9780691134918},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-09-01 | fusion de bessen2019patent y bessen2009patent, ambas con el ano equivocado; la primera edicion es de 2008},
}

@online{bestsfbest,
  title        = {Best Practices in Science Communication},
  url          = {https://www.ascb.org/science-policy-public-outreach/science-outreach/communication-toolkits/best-practices-in-effective-science-communication/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{bjork2016development,
  author       = {Bj{\"o}rk, Bo-Christer},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Gold, Green, and Black Open Access},
  journaltitle = {Learned Publishing},
  volume       = {30},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {173--175},
  doi          = {10.1002/leap.1096},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/leap.1096},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-08-31 | la referencia previa (Bjork y Wouters, "The Development of Open Access", Nature 533, 2016) no corresponde a ningun articulo localizable},
}

@online{blanco2018blanco,
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Blanco, D. (1/10/2018): Cómo analizar la calidad de un artículo científico: el riesgo de sesgo y la guía de publicación {CONSORT} en ensayos aleatorizados},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.com/es-es/connect/educacion-medica/analizar-calidad-articulo-cientifico-guia-de-publicacion-consort},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.9. Sesgos y riesgo de distorsión metodológica en otras disciplinas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{blanshard1939nature,
  author       = {Blanshard, B},
  year         = {1939},
  title        = {The Nature of Thought},
  journaltitle = {London: Allen \& Unwin},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{bodas2022risk,
  author       = {Bodas, M and Peleg, K and Stolero, N and Adini, B},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Risk Perception of Natural and Human-Made Disasters - Cross Sectional Study in Eight Countries in Europe and Beyond},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Public Health},
  doi          = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.825985},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.825985},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{boland1996scientific,
  author       = {Boland, Lawrence A},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {Critical Economic Methodology},
  journaltitle = {Critical economic methodology: A personal odyssey},
  doi          = {10.4324/9780203978955},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203978955},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos / listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:1996},
}

@article{bonetta2007scientists,
  author       = {Bonetta, L},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Scientists Enter the Blogosphere},
  journaltitle = {Cell},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{bos2016participatory,
  author       = {Bos, J. A and Carpentier, V},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {The participatory turn: Challenges to the epistemologies of participation},
  journaltitle = {European Journal of Communication},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{bostrom2020vulnerable,
  author       = {Bostrom, N},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Vulnerable World Hypothesis},
  journaltitle = {Global Policy},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{boyd1990realism,
  author       = {Boyd, R},
  year         = {1990},
  title        = {Realism, approximate truth, and philosophical method},
  publisher    = {In C},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@online{boykoff2015consenso,
  author       = {Boykoff, Maxwell T},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Consenso y oposición al cambio climático},
  organization = {Revista Mètode},
  url          = {https://metode.es/revistas-metode/monograficos/consenso-y-oposicion-al-cambio-climatico.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Mètode n.º 85, primavera de 2015. Documenta el vinculo entre iniciativas de oposicion en EE. UU. y financiacion de la industria de combustibles fosiles},
}

@online{brechasfbrecha,
  title        = {Brecha digital: Dimensiones y críticas al concepto},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecha_digital;},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{brossard2019critical,
  author    = {Lewenstein, Bruce and Brossard, Dominique and Bruce, V.},
  title     = {A Critical Appraisal of Models of Public Understanding of Science: Using Practice to Inform Theory},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology},
  editor    = {Bucchi, Massimiano and Trench, Brian},
  year      = {2009},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  pages     = {13--27}
}

@book{broussard2018artificial,
  author       = {Broussard, Meredith},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Artificial unintelligence: How computers misunderstand the world},
  publisher    = {The {MIT} Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
}

@book{brown2000collective,
  author       = {Brown, P and Lauder, H},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {Collective intelligence},
  publisher    = {Social Capital: Critical Perspectives},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
}

@book{brown2015undoing,
  author       = {Brown, W},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism’s Stealth Revolution},
  publisher    = {{MIT} Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@misc{brown2018perspectives,
  author       = {Brown, Nina and Laura Tubelle de Gonzalez and McIlwraith, Thomas},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
}

@incollection{bucchi2008deficits,
  author       = {Bucchi, Massimiano},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Of deficits, deviations and dialogues: theories of public communication of science},
  booktitle    = {Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology},
  editor       = {Bucchi, Massimiano and Trench, Brian},
  pages        = {71--90},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  location     = {Londres},
  doi          = {10.4324/9780203928240-11},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203928240-11},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social / 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{bucchi2008handbook,
  author       = {Bucchi, Massimiano},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Handbook of public communication of science and technology},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{bunge2002crisis,
  author       = {Bunge, Mario A},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {Crisis y reconstrucción de la filosofía},
  publisher    = {Barcelona: Editorial Gedisa},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud / listado final},
}

@article{burkle2018redefining,
  author       = {Burkle, Martha and Cobo, Cristobal},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Redefining Knowledge in the Digital Age},
  journaltitle = {Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research},
  doi          = {10.7821/naer.2018.7.294},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2018.7.294},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{calancie2021consolidated,
  author       = {Calancie, Larissa and Leah Frerichs, Melinda M. Davis and Eliana Sullivan, Ann Marie White and Dorothy Cilenti, Giselle Corbie-Smith and Lich, Kristen Hassmiller},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Consolidated Framework for Collaboration Research derived from a systematic review of theories, models, frameworks and principles for cross-sector collaboration},
  journaltitle = {{PLOS} {ONE}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0244501},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244501},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.5. Modelos cooperativos y gestión de la complejidad interdisciplinar / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{calidadsfcalidad,
  title        = {Calidad metodológica del trabajo de grado},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-educacion-medica-71-avance-resumen-calidad-metodologica-del-trabajo-grado-S1575181316300936},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{caluwaerts2023deliberation,
  author       = {Caluwaerts, Didier and Kamil Bernaerts, Rebekka Kesberg and Lien Smets and Spruyt, Bram},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Deliberation and polarization: a multi-disciplinary review},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Political Science},
  doi          = {10.3389/fpos.2023.1127372},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2023.1127372},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@misc{carmen2015metodo,
  author       = {Carmen, S. et al},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {El método socrático},
  url          = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/65655},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@book{cartwright1999nomological,
  author       = {Cartwright, Nancy},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {The Dappled World: A Study of the Boundaries of Science},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  doi          = {10.1017/CBO9781139167093},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139167093},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-04 | NO-CITADA-en-texto | reconstruida: venia como @article, con el titulo abreviado y el titulo completo del libro alojado en journaltitle. La clave conserva el sufijo -nomological para no desincronizar bib/auditoria/},
}

@book{cartwright2012nomological,
  author       = {Cartwright, Nancy},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Nomological machines and the laws they produce},
  publisher    = {The Dappled World},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
}

@book{castells2016networks,
  author       = {Castells, M},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Networks of outrage and hope: Social movements in the internet age},
  publisher    = {Polity Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
}

@article{castro2019cajal,
  author       = {De Castro, F},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Cajal and the Spanish Neurological School: Neuroscience Would Have Been a Different Story Without Them},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience},
  doi          = {10.3389/fncel.2019.00187},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00187},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{ceballos2021pensamiento,
  author       = {Ceballos, N},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {El pensamiento conspiranoico},
  journaltitle = {Barcelona},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.2. Gestión política de resultados controvertidos de la investigación científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{kisa2025,
  author  = {Kisa, A. and Kisa, S.},
  title   = {Health conspiracy theories: a scoping review of drivers, impacts, and countermeasures},
  journal = {International Journal for Equity in Health},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {24},
  pages   = {93},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12939-025-02451-0},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-025-02451-0}
}

@online{tayag2024,
  author    = {Tayag, Yasmin},
  title     = {‘Make America Healthy Again’ Sounds Good Until You Start Asking Questions: Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s health agenda is politically slippery},
  year      = {2024},
  month     = {nov},
  day       = {9},
  publisher = {The Atlantic},
  url       = {https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2024/11/robert-kennedy-jr-trump-maha/680612/}
}

@article{center2010public,
  author       = {Center, Pew Research},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Public views on science and technology},
  journaltitle = {Washington},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{centersfcenter,
  title        = {Center for Open Science},
  url          = {https://osf.io/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@misc{chaudhary2025agentic,
  author       = {Chaudhary, A},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {{AI} Agentic Workflows: the next frontier in enterprise automation},
  url          = {https://www.turing.com/resources/ai-agentic-workflows},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@misc{moreno-munoz2026impacto,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, Miguel},
  title     = {Impacto laboral de los servicios de {IA} generativa y ag\'entica. An\'alisis sobre nichos de empleo masivo (2025-2031) (Version v1. 2026)},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.18548486},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18548486},
  note      = {Version v1. 2026}
}

@misc{moreno-munoz2026inteligencia,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, Miguel},
  title     = {La inteligencia distribuida: c\'omo los agentes artificiales transformar\'an la vida, el trabajo y el conocimiento (Version v1. 2026)},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.18172798},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18172798},
  note      = {Version v1. 2026}
}

@article{Chowa2026_agents,
  author    = {Chowa, Sadia Sultana and Alvi, Riasad and Rahman, Subhey Sadi and others},
  title     = {From Language to Action: A Review of Large Language Models as Autonomous Agents and Tool Users},
  journal   = {Artificial Intelligence Review},
  year      = {2026},
  volume    = {59},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {71},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10462-025-11471-9},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11471-9}
}

@misc{chirat2024democracy,
  author       = {Chirat, A and Hédoin, C},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Democracy, Epistocracy and Hybrid decision-making: Information specificity and costs of political governance},
  url          = {https://hal.science/hal-04691620v1},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{chisholm1989theory,
  author       = {Chisholm, R},
  year         = {1989},
  title        = {Theory of knowledge (3rd ed.)},
  journaltitle = {Prentice Hall},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{choi2006multidisciplinarity,
  author       = {Choi, Bernard C. K and Pak, Anita W. P.},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Multidisciplinarity, Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity in Health Research, Services, Education and Policy: 1. Definitions, Objectives, and Evidence of Effectiveness},
  journaltitle = {Clinical and Investigative Medicine},
  url          = {https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/multidisciplinarity-interdisciplinarity/docview/196425990/se-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{chomsky2002control,
  author       = {Chomsky, N},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {El control de los medios de comunicación},
  journaltitle = {en Noam Chomsky e Ignacio Ramonet},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{chomsky2005guardianes,
  author       = {Chomsky, N},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {Los guardianes de la libertad},
  journaltitle = {Propaganda},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{chvez2017sentido,
  author       = {Fort Chàvez, L},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {{EL} {SENTIDO} {EMANCIPADOR} {DE} {LA} {SOCIEDAD} {DEL} {CONOCIMIENTO}},
  journaltitle = {Revista de la Facultad de Derecho de México},
  doi          = {10.22201/fder.24488933e.2013.260.60683},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.22201/fder.24488933e.2013.260.60683},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@report{ciencia2023ref,
  author       = {{Oficina de Ciencia y Tecnología del Congreso de los Diputados}},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Informe C. Avances en neurociencia: aplicaciones e implicaciones éticas},
  type         = {Informe C},
  doi          = {10.57952/N5JW-1N98},
  url          = {https://oficinac.es/es/informes-c/neurociencia-aplicaciones},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@online{cienciasfciencia,
  title        = {Ciencia abierta y el nuevo modus operandi de comunicar la investigación - I},
  url          = {https://blog.scielo.org/es/2019/08/01/ciencia-abierta-y-el-nuevo-modus-operandi-de-comunicar-la-investigacion-parte-i/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.5. Modelos cooperativos y gestión de la complejidad interdisciplinar},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{cienciassfciencias,
  title        = {Ciencias formales},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_formales},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@misc{cientifico2025significados,
  author       = {"Método Científico"},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {En significados.com},
  url          = {https://www.significados.com/metodo-cientifico},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
}

@article{cioffi2018freud,
  author       = {Cioffi, F},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Freud and the question of pseudoscience},
  journaltitle = {Open Court},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{clarke2021scholarly,
  author       = {Clarke, M},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Scholarly Publishing's Transactional Transformation: An Overview},
  journaltitle = {Learned Publishing},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.4. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@misc{clements2017intellectual,
  author       = {Clements, J},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The intellectual and social declines of alchemy and astrology, circa 1650–1720 (Doctoral dissertation, University of York)},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@book{coady2012what,
  author       = {Coady, David},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {What to Believe Now: Applying Epistemology to Contemporary Issues},
  publisher    = {Chichester},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{coady2013climate,
  author       = {Coady, D and Corry, R},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Climate Change Debate},
  journaltitle = {In Palgrave Macmillan {UK} eBooks},
  doi          = {10.1057/9781137326287},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137326287},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.6. Implicaciones sociales del consenso científico acerca del cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{coady2013climateb,
  author       = {Coady, D and Corry, R},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The climate change debate: An epistemic and ethical enquiry},
  publisher    = {Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
}

@article{cohen2016stard,
  author       = {Cohen and J. F. et al},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {{STARD} 2015 guidelines for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies: explanation and elaboration},
  journaltitle = {{BMJ} Open},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012799},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012799},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{collins2005future,
  author       = {Collins, Jannette},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {The future of academic publishing: What is open access?},
  journaltitle = {Journal of the American College of Radiology},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jacr.2004.07.018},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2004.07.018},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons* / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{comosfanalizar,
  title        = {Cómo analizar la calidad de un artículo científico (Elsevier)},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.com/es-es/connect/educacion-medica/analizar-calidad-articulo-cientifico-guia-de-publicacion-consort},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{cortezo2000prospectiva,
  author       = {Rodríguez Cortezo, J},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {La prospectiva y la política de innovación Herramientas estratégicas clave para la competitividad},
  url          = {https://www.mincotur.gob.es/Publicaciones/Publicacionesperiodicas/EconomiaIndustrial/RevistaEconomiaIndustrial/331/13.JESUS%20RODRIGUEZ.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
}

@online{cosce2018cosce,
  author       = {{COSCE}},
  year         = {2018},
  date         = {2018-06-08},
  title        = {Pseudociencias y pseudoterapias. Una verdad igualmente incómoda},
  url          = {https://cosce.org/pseudociencias-y-pseudoterapias-una-verdad-igualmente-incomoda-jornada-cosce-2018/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | verificado-autor}
}

@online{council2023council,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Council of Europe (March 2023): Report on deliberative democracy. European Committee on Democracy and Governance ({CDDG})},
  url          = {https://rm.coe.int/report-on-deliberative-democracy-eng/1680aaf76f},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{covello2022development,
  author       = {Covello, Vincent T},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Development of Risk Communication Theory and Practice},
  journaltitle = {Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations},
  doi          = {10.1002/9781119081753.ch4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2022},
}

@article{crawford2021context,
  author       = {Crawford, K and Dobbe, R and Dryer, T and Gillis, G and Kaziunas, E and Maharana, A and et al},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Al in Context: The Labor of Integrating NewTechnologies},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{creswell2018research,
  author       = {Creswell, J. W and Creswell, J. D},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.)},
  journaltitle = {{SAGE} Publications},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{crews2017freud,
  author       = {Crews, Frederick C},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Freud: The Making of an Illusion},
  journaltitle = {New York: Metropolitan Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{cuesta2021errores,
  author       = {De la Cuesta, D. G},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Errores y sesgos en investigación clínica},
  journaltitle = {Enfermería Intensiva},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.enfi.2021.03.003},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfi.2021.03.003},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.9. Sesgos y riesgo de distorsión metodológica en otras disciplinas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{cutter2023evolving,
  author       = {Cutter, Asher D},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Evolving Tomorrow: Genetic Engineering and the Evolutionary Future of the Anthropocene},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{dagostino2009naturalizing,
  author       = {D’Agostino, Fred},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Naturalizing Epistemology: Thomas Kuhn and the `essential Tension’},
  publisher    = {Basingstoke},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{dahlgren2013political,
  author       = {Dahlgren, Peter},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Political Web},
  journaltitle = {Basingstoke},
  doi          = {10.1057/9781137326386},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137326386},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{damnjanovic2013myth,
  author       = {Damnjanovic, N and Candlish, S},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Myth of the Coherence Theory of Truth},
  journaltitle = {Judgement and Truth in Early Analytic Philosophy and Phenomenology},
  doi          = {10.1057/9781137286338_8},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137286338_8},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{david2022correspondence,
  author       = {David, M},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {The Correspondence Theory of Truth},
  journaltitle = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/truth-correspondence},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
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@book{davies2021enlightenment,
  author       = {Davies, Martin},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The Enlightenment and the Fate of Knowledge: Essays on the Transvaluation of Values},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@online{deduccionsfdeduccion,
  title        = {Deducción, inducción, abducción: razonando y argumentando},
  url          = {https://humanistasenlared.com/filosofia/deduccion-induccion-abduccion-razonar-argumentar/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{deductionsfdeduction,
  title        = {Deduction, Induction, and Abduction - Communication - iResearchNet},
  url          = {https://communication.iresearchnet.com/communication-theory-and-philosophy/deduction-induction-and-abduction/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
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@article{defelipe2006brain,
  author       = {DeFelipe, J},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Brain plasticity and mental processes: Cajal again},
  journaltitle = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  doi          = {10.1038/nrn2005},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2005},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
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@article{delmestri2015unbearable,
  author       = {Delmestri, G and Oberg, A and Drori, G. S},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {The Unbearable Lightness of University Branding},
  journaltitle = {International Studies of Management \& Organization},
  doi          = {10.1080/00208825.2015.1006012},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.2015.1006012},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
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@online{desarrollosfdesarrollo,
  title        = {Desarrollo y retos de la Inteligencia Artificial - {UNESCO}},
  url          = {https://es.unesco.org/sites/default/files/l1_desarrollo_y_retos_de_la_ia.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
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@book{desmond2023human,
  author       = {Desmond, Hugh and Ramsey, Grant},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Human Success: Evolutionary Origins and Ethical Implications},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{dessler2019science,
  author       = {Dessler, A. E and Parson, E. A},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The science and politics of global climate change: A guide to the debate},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
}

@article{devlin2015kuhns,
  author       = {Devlin, W. J and Bokulich, A},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 Years On},
  journaltitle = {Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@misc{dieguez2022negacionismo,
  author       = {Diéguez, A},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Negacionismo, anticiencia y pseudociencias: ¿En qué se diferencian? Cuaderno de Cultura Científica},
  url          = {https://culturacientifica.com/2022/02/14/negacionismo-anticiencia-y-pseudociencias-en-que-se-diferencian/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@online{diferenciasfdiferencia,
  title        = {Diferencia entre inducción y deducción: sus métodos y ejemplos},
  url          = {https://www.diferenciador.com/induccion-y-deduccion/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{digitalsfdigital,
  title        = {Digital divide in the United States},
  url          = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_divide_in_the_United_States},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{digitalsfdigitalb,
  title        = {Digital Injustice: Disparities in Digital Access across the {US} and How they Disproportionately Hurt the Black and Latinx Communities},
  url          = {https://sites.tufts.edu/digitalplanet/digital-injustice-covid19/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{dossier2021dossier,
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Dossier de Grupos Cooperativos Nacionales de Investigación 2021: presenta la contribución de los grupos cooperativos españoles en la investigación clínica, preclínica y epidemiológica, especialmente en el campo de la oncología médica. El documento recoge la justificación, finalidad, objetivos y resultados de los grupos de investigación clínicos españoles, así como sus proyectos en curso y futuros},
  url          = {https://seom.org/otros-servicios/noticias/208785-dossier-de-grupos-cooperativos-nacionales-de-investigacion-2021},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.5. Modelos cooperativos y gestión de la complejidad interdisciplinar},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{douven2021abduction,
  author       = {Douven, I},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Abduction},
  journaltitle = {In E},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{dryzek2011oxford,
  author       = {Dryzek, J. S and Norgaard, R. B and Schlosberg, D},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{dumas2019building,
  author       = {Dumas, L. J},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Building the good society: The Power and Limits of Markets, Democracy and Freedom in an Increasingly Polarized World},
  journaltitle = {Emerald Group Publishing},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@incollection{dunlap2011organized,
  author       = {Dunlap, Riley E. and McCright, Aaron M.},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Organized climate change denial},
  booktitle    = {The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society},
  editor       = {Dryzek, John S. and Norgaard, Richard B. and Schlosberg, David},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  doi          = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0010},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0010},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Figuraba como @article con journaltitle «Oxford Handbooks Online»; es un capitulo del manual},
}

@article{dunlap2016political,
  author       = {Dunlap, R.E. et al},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {The Political Divide on Climate Change: Partisan Polarization Widens in the U.S.},
  journaltitle = {Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development},
  doi          = {10.1080/00139157.2016.1208995},
  url          = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00139157.2016.1208995},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.2. Gestión política de resultados controvertidos de la investigación científica / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{eagle2007psychoanalysis,
  author       = {Eagle, Morris N},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Psychoanalysis and its critics},
  journaltitle = {Psychoanalytic Psychology},
  doi          = {10.1037/0736-9735.24.1.10},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1037/0736-9735.24.1.10},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{eakin2006assessing,
  author       = {Eakin, Hallie and Luers, Amy Lynd},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems},
  journaltitle = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},
  volume       = {31},
  pages        = {365--394},
  doi          = {10.1146/annurev.energy.30.050504.144352},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.30.050504.144352},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{easley2005ethical,
  author       = {Easley, Robert F},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {Ethical Issues in the Music Industry Response to Innovation and Piracy},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Business Ethics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10551-005-0187-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-005-0187-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{ecologica2025prevencion,
  author       = {Ecológica, Ministerio para la Transición and el Reto Demográfico},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Prevención de la desinformación climática},
  organization = {Documentos de trabajo del Plan Nacional de Adaptación al Cambio Climático},
  url          = {https://www.miteco.gob.es/content/dam/miteco/es/ceneam/recursos/prevencion_desinformacion_climatica.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático},
}

@book{edwards2010vast,
  author       = {Edwards, P. N},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {A Vast Machine: Computer Models, Climate Data, and the Politics of Global Warming},
  publisher    = {MIT Press},
  location     = {Cambridge, MA},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
}

@article{edwards2016perspective,
  author       = {Edwards, Aled},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Perspective: Science is still too closed},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  doi          = {10.1038/533s70a},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/533s70a},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons* / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{ehlers2024creating,
  author       = {Ehlers, U and Eigbrecht, L},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Creating the university of the future: A Global View on Future Skills and Future Higher Education},
  publisher    = {Springer {VS}},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{ejem2023social,
  author       = {Ejem, A. A and Ben-Enukora, C. A and Okeke, S. V and Nwokeocha, I. M},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Social Amplification and Attenuation of Flood Risk Perception by Broadcast Media Risk Messages During the 2022 Floods in Selected Southern States in Nigeria},
  journaltitle = {IDRiM Journal},
  doi          = {10.5595/001c.91059},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5595/001c.91059},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{eloundou2023gpts,
  author       = {Eloundou, T and Manning, S and Mishkin, P and Rock, D},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {GPTs are GPTs: An early look at the labor market impact potential of large language models},
  journaltitle = {arXiv},
  url          = {https://ar5iv.labs.arxiv.org/html/2303.10130},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8 El desarrollo de agentes de IA con desempeño equivalente al de expertos humanos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{eloundou2024gpts,
  author       = {Eloundou, T and Manning, S and Mishkin, P and Rock, D},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {GPTs are GPTs: Labor market impact potential of LLMs},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.adj0998},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0998},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8 El desarrollo de agentes de IA con desempeño equivalente al de expertos humanos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{embargo2024aporta,
  author       = {Sin embargo and investigaciones recientes han encontrado correlaciones interesantes entre las creencias pseudocientíficas and ciertos procesos cognitivos. El estudio realizado por Martínez, Barberia and Rodríguez-Ferreiro},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {aporta resultados que sustentan una relación positiva entre la propensión a generar falsas memorias y la adhesión a creencias pseudocientíficas},
  journaltitle = {Los autores sugieren que podría existir una base cognitiva común entre ambos fenómenos},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{empiricus2000sextus,
  author       = {Empiricus, S},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {Sextus Empiricus: Outlines of Scepticism},
  publisher    = {Eds},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@book{eriksen2015small,
  author       = {Eriksen, T. H},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Small places, large issues: An introduction to social and cultural anthropology (4th ed.)},
  publisher    = {Pluto Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@book{eriksen2021accountability,
  author       = {Eriksen, E. O},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The accountability of expertise: Making the Un-Elected Safe for Democracy},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@online{ernst2012ernst,
  author       = {Ernst, Edzard},
  year         = {2012},
  date         = {2012-04-03},
  title        = {Why I changed my mind about homeopathy},
  journal      = {The Guardian},
  url          = {https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2012/apr/03/homeopathy-why-i-changed-my-mind},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | verificado-autor}
}

@online{escalassfescalas,
  title        = {Escalas y listas de evaluación de la calidad de estudios científicos},
  url          = {http://www.acimed.sld.cu/index.php/acimed/article/view/438/318},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{estadisticas2021estadisticas,
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Estadísticas y recursos | 2021 Science Report - {UNESCO}},
  url          = {https://www.unesco.org/reports/science/2021/es/statistics},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{evans2020liberal,
  author       = {Evans, C and Rees, G and Taylor, C and Fox, S},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {A liberal higher education for all? The massification of higher education and its implications for graduates participation in civil society},
  journaltitle = {Higher Education},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10734-020-00554-x},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00554-x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@online{exposicionsfexposicion,
  title        = {Exposición bibliográfica: La Ciencia en el Renacimiento},
  url          = {https://biblioteca.unizar.es/biblioteca-general/exposicion-bibliografica-la-ciencia-en-el-renacimiento},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{fabbri2018influence,
  author       = {Fabbri, A and Lai, A and Grundy, Q and Bero, L. A},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {The Influence of Industry Sponsorship on the Research Agenda: A Scoping Review},
  journaltitle = {American Journal of Public Health},
  doi          = {10.2105/ajph.2018.304677},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2018.304677},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@incollection{cartwright1999fables,
  author       = {Cartwright, Nancy},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {Fables and models},
  booktitle    = {The Dappled World: A Study of the Boundaries of Science},
  chapter      = {2},
  pages        = {35--48},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  doi          = {10.1017/CBO9781139167093.003},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-04 | NO-CITADA-en-texto | reconstruida: la entrada previa (clave fables1999dappled) traia el titulo del capitulo en el campo author y la localizacion en el campo title},
}

@article{fan2022simpleb,
  author       = {Fan, Jianqing and Yingying Fan, Jinchi Lv and Yang, Fan},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {{SIMPLE}-{RC}: Group network inference with non-sharp nulls and weak signals},
  doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2211.00128},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2211.00128},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-revisar-pertinencia},
}

@article{farrell2019evidence,
  author       = {Farrell, J and McConnell, K and Brulle, R},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Evidence-based strategies to combat scientific misinformation},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41558-018-0368-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0368-6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{fecyt2020encuesta,
  author       = {FECYT},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {10.ª Encuesta de percepción social de la ciencia y la tecnología-2020},
  journaltitle = {Gobierno de España},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@misc{fecyt2020este,
  author       = {(FECYT, Las creencias pseudocientíficas están ampliamente extendidas en la población general. Estudios recientes muestran que un alto porcentaje de personas en diversos países confía en prácticas como la homeopatía o el reiki},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Este dato sugiere que la adhesión a ideas pseudocientíficas no es necesariamente un indicador de alteración mental, sino que puede ser resultado de factores culturales, educativos o sociales},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
}

@article{feinstein2010salvaging,
  author       = {Feinstein, Noah},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Salvaging science literacy},
  journaltitle = {Science Education},
  volume       = {95},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {168--185},
  doi          = {10.1002/sce.20414},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20414},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: el capítulo lo databa en 2020; volumen, número y páginas ya eran correctos},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
}

@article{feller1990universities,
  author       = {Feller, Irwin},
  year         = {1990},
  title        = {Universities as engines of R\&D-based economic growth: They think they can},
  journaltitle = {Research Policy},
  doi          = {10.1016/0048-7333(90)90017-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(90},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{felten2023economic,
  author       = {Felten, E and Huang, L and Kagal, L},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The economic potential of generative Al: The next productivity frontier},
  journaltitle = {McKinsey \& Company},
  url          = {https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-economic-potential-of-generative-ai-the-next-productivity-frontier},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@misc{feyerabend2002against,
  author       = {Feyerabend, P},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {Against method (Reprinted der 3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
}

@article{filipe2017production,
  author       = {Filipe, Angela and Alicia Renedo and Marston, Cicely},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The co-production of what? Knowledge, values, and social relations in health care},
  journaltitle = {{PLOS} Biology},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pbio.2001403},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001403},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{filosofiasffilosofia,
  title        = {Filosofía de la lógica},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa_de_la_l%C3%B3gica},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{finniss2010biological,
  author       = {Finniss, Damien G. and Kaptchuk, Ted J. and Miller, Franklin and Benedetti, Fabrizio},
  title        = {Biological, Clinical, and Ethical Advances of Placebo Effects},
  journal      = {The Lancet},
  year         = {2010},
  volume       = {375},
  number       = {9715},
  pages        = {686--695},
  doi          = {10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61706-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61706-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{firestein2016failure,
  author       = {Firestein, S},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Failure: Why science is so successful},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional; Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos / listado final},
}

@article{fishkin2011making,
  author       = {Fishkin, James S},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Making Deliberative Democracy Practical},
  journaltitle = {When the People Speak},
  doi          = {10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199604432.003.0004},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199604432.003.0004},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{fitzpatrick2022ethical,
  author       = {FitzPatrick, William J},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Ethical Realism},
  publisher    = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{flach2000abduction,
  author       = {Flach, P. A and Kakas, A. C},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {Abduction and Induction: Essays on their Relation and Integration},
  publisher    = {Springer Netherlands},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-94-017-0606-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0606-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{fladerer2019wisdom,
  author       = {Fladerer, J.P},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The Wisdom of the Many: How to create Self-Organisation and how to use Collective Intelligence in Companies and in Society From Management to ManagemANT},
  journaltitle = {Norderstedt},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{flaxman2016filter,
  author       = {Flaxman, Seth and Sharad Goel and Rao, Justin M.},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Filter Bubbles, Echo Chambers, and Online News Consumption},
  journaltitle = {Public Opinion Quarterly},
  doi          = {10.1093/poq/nfw006},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfw006},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{floridi2014fourth,
  author       = {Floridi, Luciano},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {The Fourth Revolution: How the Infosphere Is Reshaping Human Reality},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{freeman1983margaret,
  author       = {Freeman, D},
  year         = {1983},
  title        = {Margaret Mead and Samoa: The making and unmaking of an anthropological myth},
  publisher    = {Harvard University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@article{freire2015analysis,
  author       = {Freire, J and Infante, A and De Aguiar, A. C and Carbajo, P},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {An analysis of the medical specialty training system in Spain},
  journaltitle = {Human Resources for Health},
  doi          = {10.1186/s12960-015-0038-y},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-015-0038-y},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{fricker2009epistemic,
  author       = {Fricker, M},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing},
  publisher    = {Oxford: Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
}

@book{fuchs2018digital,
  author       = {Fuchs, Christian},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Digital Demagogue: Authoritarian Capitalism in the Age of Trump and Twitter},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@incollection{fumerton2011skepticism,
  author       = {Fumerton, Richard A.},
  editor       = {Bernecker, Sven and Pritchard, Duncan},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Skepticism and Epistemic Externalism},
  booktitle    = {The Routledge Companion to Epistemology},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  location     = {Londres},
  pages        = {488--499},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1. Genesis y condiciones de posibilidad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-09-01 | estaba registrada como @article con el titulo y el DOI del volumen completo; el capitulo no tiene DOI propio | paginacion facilitada por el autor},
}

@article{gardner1999intelligence,
  author       = {Gardner, H},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century},
  journaltitle = {Basic books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{garfield2006history,
  author       = {Garfield, Eugene},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {The History and Meaning of the Journal Impact Factor},
  journaltitle = {JAMA},
  volume       = {295},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {90--93},
  doi          = {10.1001/jama.295.1.90},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.1.90},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: el capítulo lo databa en 2019; volumen, número y páginas ya eran correctos},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
}

@article{garlick2025lobbying,
  author       = {Garlick, A and Junk, W. M and Brown, H},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {How Lobbying Matters},
  journaltitle = {Annual Review of Political Science},
  doi          = {10.1146/annurev-polisci-033123-124920},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-033123-124920},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{garrett2009echo,
  author       = {Garrett, R. Kelly},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Echo chambers online?: Politically motivated selective exposure among Internet news users},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01440.x},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01440.x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{gavigan2001panorama,
  author       = {Gavigan, J. P},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Panorama de la prospectiva en Europa},
  organization = {Principios y visión general por países},
  url          = {https://www.mincotur.gob.es/Publicaciones/Publicacionesperiodicas/EconomiaIndustrial/RevistaEconomiaIndustrial/342/11JamesGavigan.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
}

@book{gazmararian2023uncertain,
  author       = {Gazmararian, Alexander F and Tingley, Dustin},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Uncertain Futures: How to Unlock the Climate Impasse},
  publisher    = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{gazzaniga2018cognitive,
  author       = {Gazzaniga, Michael S and Richard B. Ivry and Mangun, George R.},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind},
  journaltitle = {New York: W},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{geertz1973interpretation,
  author       = {Geertz, Clifford},
  year         = {1973},
  title        = {The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays},
  journaltitle = {New York: Basic Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{gell2023armas,
  author       = {Güell, O},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Armas, tecnología punta y medicamentos innovadores: las compras ‘secretas’ del Gobierno},
  journaltitle = {El País},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{gerring2012social,
  author       = {Gerring, J},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Social science methodology: A unified framework (2nd ed.)},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@book{gibbon2020routledge,
  author       = {Gibbon, S and Prainsack, B and Hilgartner, S},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Routledge Handbook of Genomics, Health and Society},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
}

@article{gibson2022digital,
  author       = {Gibson, J},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Digital Copyright and the Parody Exception: An Empirical Study},
  journaltitle = {Intellectual Property Quarterly},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{ginsberg2011fall,
  author       = {Ginsberg, B},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {The Fall of the Faculty: The Rise of the All-Administrative University and Why It Matters},
  journaltitle = {{OUP} {USA}},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{giri2023perspectives,
  author       = {Giri, Leandro and Pablo Melogno and Miguel, Hernán},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Perspectives on Kuhn: Contemporary Approaches to the Philosophy of Thomas Kuhn},
  publisher    = {Cham},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@online{glen2023glen,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Glen Gow (10 {ABRIL} 2023): Estos son los cinco principales peligros en la era de la {IA} y ChatGPT},
  url          = {https://forbes.es/tecnologia/260702/estos-son-los-cinco-principales-peligros-en-la-era-de-la-ia-y-chatgpt/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{glickstein2006golgi,
  author       = {Glickstein, M},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Golgi and Cajal: The neuron doctrine and the 100th anniversary of the 1906 Nobel Prize},
  journaltitle = {Current Biology},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.053},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.053},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{glickstein2011golgi,
  author       = {Glickstein, M},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Golgi: a life in science},
  journaltitle = {Brain},
  doi          = {10.1093/brain/awr207},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr207},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{gold2010myriad,
  author       = {Gold, E. Richard and Carbone, Julia},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Myriad Genetics: In the eye of the policy storm},
  journaltitle = {Genetics in Medicine},
  doi          = {10.1097/gim.0b013e3181d72661},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1097/gim.0b013e3181d72661},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-01 | fusionada con gold2010ref},
}

@article{gomez-garcia2019systematic,
  author       = {Gómez-García, F. et al},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Image Gallery: Dermoscopy of lichen amyloidosis},
  journaltitle = {British Journal of Dermatology},
  doi          = {10.1111/bjd.17109},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17109},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2019},
}

@article{gonzalez2024propaganda,
  author       = {González, F},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {La propaganda creada con {IA} ya es tan persuasiva como la que hacen los humanos},
  journaltitle = {{WIRED}},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{gora2019expertisation,
  author       = {Góra, M and Holst, C and Warat, M},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Expertisation and democracy in Europe},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{gorski2003privilege,
  author       = {Gorski, Paul C.},
  year         = {2003},
  title        = {Privilege and Repression in the Digital Era: Rethinking the Sociopolitics of the Digital Divide},
  journaltitle = {Race, Gender \& Class},
  volume       = {10},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {145--170},
  url          = {https://www.proquest.com/docview/218807872},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-04 | revista sin DOI; volumen, numero y paginacion cotejados con el registro de ProQuest y con la lista de referencias de Essex Student Journal. Absorbe el duplicado malformado privilege2003race, retirado},
}

@book{greco2008oxford,
  author       = {Greco, J},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {The oxford handbook of skepticism (1st ed)},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo / listado final},
}

@book{greco2011oxford,
  author       = {Greco, J},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@article{grieneisen2012comprehensive,
  author       = {Grieneisen, M. L and Zhang, M},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {A Comprehensive Survey of Retracted Articles from the Scholarly Literature},
  journaltitle = {PLoS {ONE}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0044118},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044118},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{gs2021retractacion,
  author       = {GS},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {La retractación de publicaciones por mala conducta científica},
  organization = {¿Un problema creciente?},
  url          = {https://www.campusgacetaeasp.es/bloginvitado/2021/02/27/la-retractacion-de-publicaciones-por-mala-conducta-cientifica-un-problema-creciente/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
}

@article{gutierrez-caneda2024ethics,
  author       = {Gutiérrez-Caneda, B and Lindén, C and Vázquez-Herrero, J},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Ethics and journalistic challenges in the age of artificial intelligence: talking with professionals and experts},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Communication},
  doi          = {10.3389/fcomm.2024.1465178},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1465178},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{haack1976pragmatist,
  author       = {Haack, S},
  year         = {1976},
  title        = {The Pragmatist Theory of Truth},
  journaltitle = {The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science},
  doi          = {10.1093/bjps/27.3.231},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/27.3.231},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{haas1992introduction,
  author       = {Haas, P. M},
  year         = {1992},
  title        = {Introduction: epistemic communities and international policy coordination},
  journaltitle = {International Organization},
  doi          = {10.1017/S0020818300001442},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300001442},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{haas2021epistemic,
  author       = {Haas, P},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Epistemic Communities},
  journaltitle = {The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law},
  doi          = {10.1093/law/9780198849155.003.0040},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198849155.003.0040},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{habermas1984theory,
  author       = {Habermas, Jürgen},
  year         = {1984},
  title        = {The Theory of Communicative Action: Reason and the rationalization of society},
  publisher    = {Boston: Beacon Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@book{habermas1984theoryb,
  author       = {Habermas, Jürgen},
  year         = {1984},
  title        = {The Theory of Communicative Action, Volume 1: Reason and the Rationalization of Society},
  publisher    = {Translated by Thomas McCarthy},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
}

@book{habermas1994historia,
  author       = {Habermas, Jürgen},
  year         = {1994},
  title        = {Historia y crítica de la opinión pública: la transformación estructural de la vida pública},
  publisher    = {Gustavo Gili},
  location     = {Barcelona},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  note         = {Original alemán de 1962, Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit. Es el estudio histórico de la degradación de la esfera pública por la publicidad organizada: sostiene la afirmación sobre la opinión pública manipulable, no una tesis prescriptiva sobre deliberación},
}

@article{hackett2007handbook,
  author       = {Hackett, E. J and Amsterdamska, O and Lynch, M. E and Wajcman, J},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, third edition},
  journaltitle = {National Geographic Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{hackett2008handbook,
  author       = {Hackett, Edward J and Amsterdamska, Olga and Lynch, Michael and Wajcman, Judy and eds},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {The handbook of science and technology studies},
  publisher    = {{MIT} Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{hall2013knowledge,
  author       = {Hall, B and Jackson, E and Tandon, R and Lall, N},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Knowledge, democracy and action: Community-University Research Partnerships in Global Perspectives},
  publisher    = {Manchester University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
}

@article{hammood2021systematic,
  author       = {Hammood, W. A and Arshah, R. A and Asmara, S. M and Halbusi, H. A and Hammood, O. A and Abri, S. A},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {A Systematic Review on Flood Early Warning and Response System ({FEWRS}): A Deep Review and Analysis},
  journaltitle = {Sustainability},
  doi          = {10.3390/su13010440},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010440},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@incollection{haustein2015bibliometrics,
  author       = {Haustein, Stefanie and Larivière, Vincent},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {The Use of Bibliometrics for Assessing Research: Possibilities, Limitations and Adverse Effects},
  booktitle    = {Incentives and Performance: Governance of Research Organizations},
  editor       = {Welpe, Isabell M. and Wollersheim, Jutta and Ringelhan, Stefanie and Osterloh, Margit},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  pages        = {121--139},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-09785-5_8},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09785-5_8},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: el campo year decía 2014 y contradecía a la clave y al capítulo; el volumen editado es de 2015},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
}

@article{hazlett2014critical,
  author       = {Hazlett, A},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {A critical introduction to skepticism},
  journaltitle = {Bloomsbury Publishing},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{he2013retraction,
  author       = {He, Tianwei},
  year         = {2013},
  volume       = {96},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {555--561},
  title        = {Retraction of global scientific publications from 2001 to 2010},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-012-0906-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0906-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: campo de autor reparado (el parseo había absorbido la cita entera) y año corregido de 2012 a 2013, que es el del volumen 96 de Scientometrics},
}

@book{hempenstall2017truths,
  author       = {Hempenstall, P},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Truth’s Fool: Derek Freeman and the war over cultural anthropology},
  publisher    = {University of Wisconsin Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@article{hendrycks2020measuring,
  author       = {Hendrycks, D and Burns, C and Basart, S and Zou, A and Mazeika, M and Song, D and Steinhardt, J},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Measuring massive multitask language understanding},
  journaltitle = {arXiv (Cornell University)},
  doi          = {10.48550/arxiv.2009.03300},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2009.03300},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{hernandez2010bibliologia,
  author       = {Gómez Hernández, J. A and Pasadas Ureña, C},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Bibliología e información: fundamentos teóricos para su estudio como ciencia interdisciplinaria},
  journaltitle = {Revista Interamericana de Bibliotecología},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{higgins2021assessing,
  author       = {Higgins and J. P. T. et al},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial},
  journaltitle = {In J},
  url          = {https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/current/chapter-08},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.9. Sesgos y riesgo de distorsión metodológica en otras disciplinas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{hill1952clinical,
  author       = {Hill, A. B},
  year         = {1952},
  title        = {The Clinical Trial},
  journaltitle = {New England Journal of Medicine},
  doi          = {10.1056/nejm195207242470401},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm195207242470401},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{hill2007digital,
  author       = {Hill, Charles W. L},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Digital piracy: Causes, consequences, and strategic responses},
  journaltitle = {Asia Pacific Journal of Management},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10490-006-9025-0},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-006-9025-0},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{hirsch2005index,
  author       = {Hirsch, J. E.},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {An Index to Quantify an Individual's Scientific Research Output},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {102},
  number       = {46},
  pages        = {16569--16572},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.0507655102},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507655102},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica; 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: fusionada con la entrada duplicada hirsch2020index, que databa el mismo trabajo en 2020. El capítulo 4 lo citaba con los dos años a la vez},
}

@online{historiasfhistoria,
  title        = {Historia de la ciencia en el Renacimiento},
  year         = {2025},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_de_la_ciencia_en_el_Renacimiento},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{hmielowski2014attack,
  author       = {Hmielowski, Jay D and Lauren Feldman, Teresa A. Myers and Anthony Leiserowitz and Maibach, Edward},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {An attack on science? Media use, trust in scientists, and perceptions of global warming},
  journaltitle = {Public Understanding of Science},
  doi          = {10.1177/0963662513480091},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662513480091},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref},
}

@article{hoggan2009climate,
  author       = {Hoggan, J and R. Littlemore, R},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Climate cover-up: The crusade to deny global warming},
  journaltitle = {Greystone Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{holyoak2012oxford,
  author       = {Holyoak, Keith James and Robert G. Morrison and eds},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The oxford handbook of thinking and reasoning},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{hortsch2009short,
  author       = {Hortsch, M},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {A Short History of the Synapse - Golgi Versus Ramón y Cajal},
  journaltitle = {The Sticky Synapse},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-0-387-92708-4_1},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92708-4_1},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{horwich1998truth,
  author       = {Horwich, P},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {Truth},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@article{hrynaszkiewicz2020impact,
  author       = {Hrynaszkiewicz, Izabela and et al},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Impact of Open Access on Research Metrics},
  journaltitle = {PLoS One},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{hugenholtz2018copyright,
  editor       = {Hugenholtz, P. Bernt},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Copyright Reconstructed: Rethinking Copyright's Economic Rights in a Time of Highly Dynamic Technological and Economic Change},
  series       = {Information Law Series},
  volume       = {41},
  publisher    = {Kluwer Law International},
  location     = {Alphen aan den Rijn},
  isbn         = {9789041191038},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-08-31 | volumen colectivo de Kluwer, no articulo de The Modern Law Review},
}

@book{hulme2009disagree,
  author       = {Hulme, M},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Why We Disagree About Climate Change: Understanding Controversy, Inaction and Opportunity},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
}

@article{hulme2011meet,
  author       = {Hulme, Mike},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Meet the humanities},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  volume       = {1},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {177--179},
  doi          = {10.1038/nclimate1150},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1150},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{identificacionsfidentificacion,
  title        = {Identificación de indicadores de buenas prácticas en gestión clínica},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-journal-healthcare-quality-research-257-articulo-identificacion-indicadores-buenas-practicas-gestion-S1134282X18300095},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{identificacionsfidentificacionb,
  title        = {Identificación de indicadores de resultado en salud},
  url          = {https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-calidad-asistencial-256-articulo-identificacion-indicadores-resultado-salud-atencion-S1134282X17300544},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{indicadoressfindicadores,
  title        = {Indicadores de calidad - Semicyuc},
  url          = {https://semicyuc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/indicadoresdecalidad2017_semicyuc_spa-1.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{indicadoressfindicadoresc,
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Indicadores bibliométricos y su importancia en la investigación clínica},
  journaltitle = {Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor},
  doi          = {10.20986/resed.2018.3659/2018},
  url          = {https://dx.doi.org/10.20986/resed.2018.3659/2018},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{inductionsfinduction,
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Induction, Deduction, and Abduction},
  journaltitle = {Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_159-1},
  url          = {https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_159-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@online{inductivesfinductive,
  title        = {Inductive vs. Deductive vs. Abductive Reasoning | Merriam-Webster},
  url          = {https://www.merriam-webster.com/grammar/deduction-vs-induction-vs-abduction},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{institute2023making,
  author       = {Institute, Stockholm Environment},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Making lives safe from floods: Four steps for an effective flood warning system | {SEI}},
  journaltitle = {{SEI}},
  url          = {https://www.sei.org/perspectives/making-lives-safe-from-floods/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{internet2023internet,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Internet Usage Statistics. The Internet Big Picture. World Internet Users and 2023 Population Stats},
  url          = {https://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@report{ipcc2023synthesis,
  author       = {{IPCC}},
  editor       = {Core Writing Team and Lee, Hoesung and Romero, José},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change},
  institution  = {IPCC},
  location     = {Ginebra},
  doi          = {10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647},
  url          = {https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  note         = {El AR6 emplea lenguaje calibrado de incertidumbre: grados de confianza y términos de probabilidad definidos numéricamente},
}

@book{IPCC2021AR6WG1,
  editor       = {{Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  url          = {https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  note         = {Anexo VII, glosario, p. 2222. Define el clima como la descripción estadística de las magnitudes relevantes en un periodo, clásicamente de treinta años.},
}

@article{jadad1996assessing,
  author       = {Jadad, A. R and Moore, R and Carroll, D and Jenkinson, C and Reynolds, D. M and Gavaghan, D. J and McQuay, H. J},
  year         = {1996},
  title        = {Assessing the Quality of Reports of Randomized Clinical Trials: Is Blinding Necessary?},
  journaltitle = {Controlled Clinical Trials},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {1--12},
  doi          = {10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{james1907pragmatism,
  author       = {James, W},
  year         = {1907},
  title        = {Pragmatism},
  journaltitle = {New York: Longmans},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{jasanoff2010climate,
  author       = {Jasanoff, Sheila},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {A new climate for society},
  journaltitle = {Theory, Culture \& Society},
  volume       = {27},
  number       = {2-3},
  pages        = {233--253},
  doi          = {10.1177/0263276409361497},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276409361497},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {El campo journaltitle contenia solo «Theory», resto de un parseo truncado},
}

@book{jenkins2008convergence,
  author       = {Jenkins, Henry},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{johnson2023chatgpt,
  author       = {Johnson, K},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {How ChatGPT is changing the way we communicate},
  journaltitle = {The Conversation},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{jones2015oxford,
  author       = {Jones, Candace and Mark Lorenzen and Jonathan Sapsed and eds},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {The oxford handbook of creative industries},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{jose2025cognitive,
  author       = {Jose, B and Cherian, J and Verghis, A. M and Varghise, S. M and S, M and Joseph, S},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The cognitive paradox of {AI} in education: between enhancement and erosion},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  doi          = {10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1550621},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1550621},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{kahan2011cultural,
  author       = {Kahan, D. M and Jenkins‐Smith, H and Braman, D},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Cultural cognition of scientific consensus},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Risk Research},
  doi          = {10.1080/13669877.2010.511246},
  url          = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13669877.2010.511246},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.6. Implicaciones sociales del consenso científico acerca del cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{kahan2012polarizing,
  author       = {Kahan, D. M and Peters, E and Wittlin, M and Slovic, P and Ouellette, L. L and Braman, D and Mandel, G},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The polarizing impact of science literacy and numeracy on perceived climate change risks},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  doi          = {10.1038/nclimate1547},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1547},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{kahneman1979prospect,
  author       = {Kahneman, Daniel and Tversky, Amos},
  year         = {1979},
  title        = {Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk},
  journaltitle = {Econometrica},
  volume       = {47},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {263--291},
  doi          = {10.2307/1914185},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2307/1914185},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: el capítulo lo daba como «2022, Journal of Political Economy 130(1), 1-26». No solo el año era falso: la revista también. JPE 130(1) es un volumen real de 2022},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
}

@book{kellert2006scientific,
  author       = {Kellert, Stephen H and Helen E. Longino and eds},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Scientific Pluralism},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{khan2022transformers,
  author       = {Khan, Salman and Muzammal Naseer, Munawar Hayat and Syed Waqas Zamir, Fahad Shahbaz Khan and Shah, Mubarak},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Transformers in Vision: A Survey},
  journaltitle = {{ACM} Computing Surveys},
  doi          = {10.1145/3505244},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3505244},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{khanal2024power,
  author       = {Khanal, S and Zhang, H and Taeihagh, A},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Why and how is the power of Big Tech increasing in the policy process?},
  journaltitle = {Policy and Society},
  doi          = {10.1093/polsoc/puae012},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puae012},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{khodyakov2017research,
  author       = {Khodyakov, D},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Research beneficiaries: A systematic review},
  journaltitle = {Research Policy},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{klein2015reprint,
  author       = {Klein, J. T},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Reprint of “Discourses of transdisciplinarity: Looking back to the future”},
  journaltitle = {Futures},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{kling2009unchecked,
  author       = {Kling, A},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Unchecked and unbalanced: How the Discrepancy Between Knowledge and Power Caused the Financial Crisis and Threatens Democracy},
  journaltitle = {Rowman \& Littlefield},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{koc-michalska2016civic,
  author       = {Koc-Michalska, Karolina and Darren G. Lilleker and Vedel, Thierry},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Civic political engagement and social change in the new digital age},
  journaltitle = {New Media \& Society},
  doi          = {10.1177/1461444815616218},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616218},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{krickel2024mechanistic,
  author       = {Krickel, B},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The New Mechanistic Approach and Cognitive Ontology},
  journaltitle = {Minds and Machines},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11023-024-09679-9},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-024-09679-9},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{kuhn1962structure,
  author       = {Kuhn, Thomas S},
  year         = {1962},
  title        = {The Structure of Scientific Revolutions},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza; 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
}

@book{kuhn1979essential,
  author       = {Kuhn, Thomas S},
  year         = {1979},
  title        = {The essential tension: Selected studies in scientific tradition and change (edic},
  publisher    = {orig},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{kuhn1994structure,
  author       = {Kuhn, T. S},
  year         = {1994},
  title        = {The structure of scientific revolutions (2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
}

@book{kuhn1996revolucion,
  author       = {Kuhn, T. S},
  year         = {1996},
  title        = {La revolución copernicana: la astronomía planetaria en el desarrollo del pensamiento},
  publisher    = {Ariel},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
}

@article{kuller2021creating,
  author       = {Kuller, M and Schoenholzer, K and Lienert, J},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Creating effective flood warnings: A framework from a critical review},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Hydrology},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126708},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126708},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{kunne2003conceptions,
  author       = {Kunne, W},
  year         = {2003},
  title        = {Conceptions of Truth},
  publisher    = {Oxford},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{kurban2024impact,
  author       = {Kurban, C. F and Şahin, M},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The impact of ChatGPT on higher education: Exploring the {AI} Revolution},
  journaltitle = {Emerald Group Publishing},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{laakso2011development,
  author       = {Laakso, Mikael and Patrik Welling, Helena Bukvova and Linus Nyman, Bo-Christer Björk and Hedlund, Turid},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {The Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from 1993 to 2009},
  journaltitle = {PLoS {ONE}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0020961},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020961},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons* / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{lackey2020epistemology,
  author       = {Lackey, Jennifer},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Epistemology of Groups},
  journaltitle = {Cary},
  doi          = {10.1093/oso/9780199656608.001.0001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199656608.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{ladyman2001understanding,
  author       = {Ladyman, James},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Understanding Philosophy of Science},
  journaltitle = {Routledge},
  doi          = {10.4324/9780203463680},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203463680},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto | anio-en-qmd:2001},
}

@article{lampinen1998memory,
  author       = {Lampinen, J. M and Neuschatz, J. S and Payne, D. G},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {Memory illusions and consciousness: Examining the phenomenology of true and false memories},
  journaltitle = {Current Psychology},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{lara2024socratic,
  author       = {Lara, F and Rodríguez-López, B},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Socratic nudges, virtual moral assistants and the problem of autonomy},
  journaltitle = {{AI} \& Society},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00146-023-01846-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01846-3},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{larivire2019journal,
  author       = {Larivière, Vincent and Sugimoto, Cassidy R.},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The Journal Impact Factor: A Brief History, Critique, and Discussion of Adverse Effects},
  journaltitle = {Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-030-02511-3_1},
  url          = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-02511-3_1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{larivire2015oligopoly,
  author       = {Larivière, Vincent and Haustein, Stefanie and Mongeon, Philippe},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {The Oligopoly of Academic Publishers in the Digital Era},
  journaltitle = {PLOS ONE},
  volume       = {10},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {e0127502},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0127502},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.4. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: el capítulo lo databa en 2020; volumen, número y páginas ya eran correctos},
}

@article{latour1992ciencia,
  author       = {Latour, Bruno},
  year         = {1992},
  title        = {Ciencia en acción: cómo seguir a los científicos e ingenieros a través de la sociedad},
  journaltitle = {Barcelona: Labor},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{laudan1996beyond,
  author       = {Laudan, Larry},
  year         = {1996},
  title        = {Beyond positivism and relativism: Theory, method, and evidence},
  publisher    = {Filadelfia},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{law2017participatory,
  author       = {Law, S. F and Ramos, J},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Participatory Knowledge Co-creation: Using Digital Mapping as an Emancipatory Method},
  journaltitle = {Emancipatory and Participatory Methodologies in Peace, Critical, and Community Psychology},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-63489-0_6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63489-0_6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{leaf2013truth,
  author       = {Leaf, C},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Truth in Small Doses: Why We’re Losing the War on Cancer-and How to Win It},
  journaltitle = {Simon and Schuster},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@misc{leander2019assembling,
  author       = {Leander, A and Waever, O},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Assembling exclusive expertise: Knowledge, Ignorance and Conflict Resolution in the Global South},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{lessig2004free,
  author       = {Lessig, L},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {Free culture: How big media uses technology and the law to lock down culture and control creativity},
  publisher    = {New York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{lessig2008remix,
  author       = {Lessig, Lawrence},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy},
  journaltitle = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{lethem2020ecstasy,
  author       = {Lethem, Jonathan},
  year         = {2007},
  month        = feb,
  title        = {The Ecstasy of Influence: A Plagiarism},
  journaltitle = {Harper's Magazine},
  volume       = {314},
  number       = {1881},
  pages        = {59--71},
  url          = {https://harpers.org/archive/2007/02/the-ecstasy-of-influence/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-08-31 | ano real 2007, no 2020; la clave se conserva por estabilidad de citas},
}

@book{levitin2017weaponized,
  author       = {Levitin, Daniel J},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Weaponized Lies: How to Think Critically in the Post-Truth Era},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{levy2017escape,
  author       = {Levy, D. M and Peart, S. J},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Escape from Democracy: The Role of Experts and the Public in Economic Policy},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{levy2022beliefs,
  author       = {Levy, Neil},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Bad beliefs: Why they happen to good people},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{bornmann2024opium,
  author       = {Bornmann, Lutz and Marewski, Julian N.},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Opium in science and society: numbers and other quantifications},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-024-05104-1},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-024-05104-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{nickerson1998confirmation,
  author       = {Nickerson, Raymond S.},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises},
  journaltitle = {Review of General Psychology},
  volume       = {2},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {175--220},
  doi          = {10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {verificado-doi: el capítulo lo databa en 2021. El volumen 2(2) de Review of General Psychology, que el propio DOI codifica, corresponde a 1998. Cotejado},
}

@article{yozwiak2015data,
  author       = {Yozwiak, Nathan L. and Schaffner, Stephen F. and Sabeti, Pardis C.},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Data sharing: Make outbreak research open access},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {518},
  number       = {7540},
  pages        = {477--479},
  doi          = {10.1038/518477a},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/518477a},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{kwon2020swamped,
  author       = {Kwon, Diana},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {How swamped preprint servers are blocking bad coronavirus research},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {581},
  number       = {7807},
  pages        = {130--131},
  doi          = {10.1038/d41586-020-01394-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01394-6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{kupferschmidt2014liberia,
  author       = {Kupferschmidt, Kai},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {In Liberia, a good or bad turn for Ebola},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {345},
  number       = {6200},
  pages        = {1005--1006},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.345.6200.1005},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.345.6200.1005},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{besancon2021open,
  author       = {Besançon, Lonni and Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan and Segalas, Corentin and Jiang, Haiting and Masuzzo, Paola and Smout, Cooper and Billy, Eric and Deforet, Maxime and Leyrat, Clémence},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Open Science Saves Lives: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic},
  journaltitle = {BMC Medical Research Methodology},
  volume       = {21},
  number       = {1},
  doi          = {10.1186/s12874-021-01304-y},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-021-01304-y},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{fraser2021evolving,
  author       = {Fraser, Nicholas and Brierley, Liam and Dey, Gautam and Polka, Jessica K. and Pálfy, Máté and Nanni, Federico and Coates, Jonathon A.},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The evolving role of preprints in the dissemination of COVID-19 research and their impact on the science communication landscape},
  journaltitle = {PLOS Biology},
  volume       = {19},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {e3000959},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3000959},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000959},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@article{capocasa2022light,
  author       = {Capocasa, Marco and Anagnostou, Paolo and Destro Bisol, Giovanni},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {A light in the dark: open access to medical literature and the COVID-19 pandemic},
  journaltitle = {Information Research},
  volume       = {27},
  number       = {2},
  doi          = {10.47989/irpaper929},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.47989/irpaper929},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4. Intereses, sesgos e integridad en la producción de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: datos tomados de la lista del propio estudio de caso (estilo Chicago, con DOI, la procedencia fiable del capítulo); falta el cotejo contra Crossref},
}

@misc{ansede2024springer,
  author       = {Ansede, Manuel},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {La editorial Springer Nature retira 75 estudios del rector de Salamanca y sus colaboradores por prácticas fraudulentas},
  howpublished = {El País, 16 de octubre},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/ciencia/2024-10-16/la-editorial-springer-nature-retira-75-estudios-del-rector-de-salamanca-y-sus-colaboradores-por-practicas-fraudulentas.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26},
}

@article{lewandowsky2016science,
  author       = {Lewandowsky, Stephan and Mann, Michael E. and Brown, Nicholas J. L. and Friedman, Harris},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Science and the public: Debate, denial, and skepticism},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Social and Political Psychology},
  volume       = {4},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {537--553},
  doi          = {10.5964/jspp.v4i2.604},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v4i2.604},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: autoría, revista, volumen, número, páginas 537-553 y año confirmados},
}

@article{lewandowsky2017beyond,
  author       = {Lewandowsky, S and Ecker, U. K. H and Cook, J},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the post-truth era},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.07.008},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.07.008},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{lewandowsky2020conspiracy,
  author       = {Lewandowsky, S and Cook, J.},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Conspiracy Theory Handbook},
  journaltitle = {Center for Climate Change Communication},
  url          = {https://www.climatechangecommunication.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ConspiracyTheoryHandbook.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{lewine2021power,
  author       = {LeWine, Howard E},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The Power of the Placebo Effect},
  journaltitle = {Harvard Health},
  url          = {https://www.health.harvard.edu/mental-health/the-power-of-the-placebo-effect},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{leydesdorff2017spots,
  author       = {Leydesdorff, Loet and Nooy, Wouter de},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Can "hot spots" in the sciences be mapped using the dynamics of aggregated journal-journal citation Relations?},
  journaltitle = {Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology},
  doi          = {10.1002/asi.23634},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23634},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2017},
}

@online{licenciassflicencias,
  title        = {Licencias Creative Commons en revistas científicas: análisis de su uso en las principales revistas de biblioteconomía y documentación},
  url          = {https://revistas.um.es/analesdoc/article/view/analesdoc.18.2.164741},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{licenciassflicenciasb,
  title        = {Licencias Creative Commons: qué son y cómo funcionan},
  url          = {https://blogs.iadb.org/conocimiento-abierto/es/licencias-creative-commons-que-son-y-como-funcionan/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{lievore2021lievore,
  author       = {Lievore, Caroline and Rubbo, Priscila and dos Santos, Claudineia Kudlawicz Franco and Picinin, Claudia Tania and Pilatti, Luiz Alberto},
  volume       = {126},
  pages        = {6871--6889},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Research ethics: a profile of retractions from world class universities},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-021-03987-y},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-03987-y},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | campo de autor reparado el 2026-08-26; el parseo había absorbido la cita entera},
}

@misc{linde2024batalla,
  author       = {Linde, P},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {La batalla por la cirugía estética: ¿qué médicos pueden operar? El País},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/sociedad/2024-09-30/la-batalla-por-la-cirugia-estetica-que-medicos-pueden-operar.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@misc{lindeman2016does,
  author       = {Lindeman, M and Svedholm‐Häkkinen, A. M},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Does Poor Understanding of Physical World Predict Religious and Paranormal Beliefs? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(5), 736-742},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
}

@article{liu2022viewing,
  author       = {Liu, Z and Yin, Y and Liu, W and Dunford, M},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Viewing the Landscape of Online Knowledge Production: Platforms, Engagement and Performance},
  journaltitle = {Telematics and Informatics},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.4. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{liu2024beyond,
  author       = {Liu, J and Li, Q and Du, W},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Beyond Benchmarking: A New Paradigm for Evaluation and Assessment of Large Language Models},
  journaltitle = {arXiv (Cornell University)},
  doi          = {10.48550/arxiv.2407.07531},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2407.07531},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8 El desarrollo de agentes de IA con desempeño equivalente al de expertos humanos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{lloyd2018climate,
  editor       = {Lloyd, Elisabeth A. and Winsberg, Eric},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Climate Modelling: Philosophical and Conceptual Issues},
  publisher    = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address      = {Cham},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-65058-6},
  isbn         = {978-3-319-65058-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65058-6},
  verificacion = {verificado-doi},
}

@article{lloyd2010confirmation,
  author       = {Lloyd, Elisabeth A.},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Confirmation and robustness of climate models},
  journaltitle = {Philosophy of Science},
  volume       = {77},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {971--984},
  doi          = {10.1086/657427},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1086/657427},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{parker2011when,
  author       = {Parker, Wendy S.},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {When climate models agree: the significance of robust model predictions},
  journaltitle = {Philosophy of Science},
  volume       = {78},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {579--600},
  doi          = {10.1086/661566},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1086/661566},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{lom2001limits,
  author       = {Lom, Petr},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {The limits of doubt: The moral and political implications of skepticism},
  publisher    = {Albany},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos / listado final},
}

@book{longino1990science,
  author       = {Longino, Helen E.},
  year         = {1990},
  title        = {Science as Social Knowledge: Values and Objectivity in Scientific Inquiry},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@incollection{longino2006theoretical,
  author       = {Longino, Helen E.},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Theoretical Pluralism and the Scientific Study of Behavior},
  booktitle    = {Scientific Pluralism},
  editor       = {Kellert, Stephen H. and Longino, Helen E. and Waters, C. Kenneth},
  pages        = {102--131},
  publisher    = {University of Minnesota Press},
  langid       = {english},
}

@book{longino2002fate,
  author       = {Longino, Helen E.},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {The Fate of Knowledge},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  doi          = {10.2307/j.ctv2tvzv0},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2tvzv0},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {verificado-2026-08-25: DOI JSTOR en co-acceso con 10.1515/9780691187013 (PUP)},
}

@article{TorresSalinas2009,
  author  = {Torres-Salinas, Daniel and Delgado-López-Cózar, Emilio},
  title   = {Estrategia para mejorar la difusión de los resultados de investigación con la Web 2.0},
  journal = {El Profesional de la Información},
  year    = {2009},
  volume  = {18},
  number  = {5},
  pages   = {534--539},
  month   = sep,
  doi     = {10.3145/epi.2009.sep.07},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2009.sep.07}
}

@article{Subaveerapandiyan,
url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2025-0047},
title = {Mapping the Preprint Landscape: A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Dissemination (2015–2024)},
title = {},
author = {A. Subaveerapandiyan},
pages = {357--377},
volume = {54},
number = {4},
journal = {Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture},
doi = {doi:10.1515/pdtc-2025-0047},
year = {2025},
lastchecked = {2026-08-30}
}

@article{lopez2021cambio,
  author       = {Abellán López, M. Á},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {El cambio climático: Negacionismo, escepticismo y desinformación},
  journaltitle = {Tabula Rasa},
  doi          = {10.25058/20112742.n37.13},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.25058/20112742.n37.13},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{lucena2022negacionismo,
  author       = {Diéguez Lucena, A},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Negacionismo, anticiencia y pseudociencias: ¿en qué se diferencian?},
  journaltitle = {Cuaderno de Cultura Científica},
  url          = {https://culturacientifica.com/2022/02/14/negacionismo-anticiencia-y-pseudociencias-en-que-se-diferencian/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{lucky2023knowledge,
  author       = {Lucky, M. C},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Knowledge-Making in Politics: Expertise in Democracy and Epistocracy},
  journaltitle = {Political Theory},
  doi          = {10.1177/00905917231199495},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/00905917231199495},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{lupton2019data,
  author       = {Lupton, Deborah},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Data Selves: More-than-Human Perspectives},
  publisher    = {Oxford},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{lynch2001truth,
  author       = {Lynch, Michael P},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Truth in context: An essay on pluralism and objectivity},
  publisher    = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{lynch2009truth,
  author       = {Lynch, M. P},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Truth as One and Many},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@book{lynch2021nature,
  author       = {Lynch, Michael P and Wyatt, Jeremy},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The Nature of Truth, second edition The Nature of Truth, second edition: Classic and Contemporary Perspectives},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{macmillan2013copyright,
  author       = {Macmillan, Fiona},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Copyright, the creative industries, and the public domain},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual / listado final},
}

@book{magnani2017abductive,
  author       = {Magnani, L},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The Abductive Structure of Scientific Creativity: An Essay on the Ecology of Cognition},
  publisher    = {Springer International Publishing},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-59256-5},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59256-5},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{malaspina2018epistemology,
  author       = {Malaspina, Cecile},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {An Epistemology of Noise},
  journaltitle = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{malone2018superminds,
  author       = {Malone, T},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Superminds},
  journaltitle = {The Surprising Power of People and Computers Thinking Together},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{marcus2020next,
  author       = {Marcus, G},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Next Decade in {AI}: Four Steps Towards Robust Artificial Intelligence},
  journaltitle = {{ARXIV}},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.06177},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{marmion2025psicologia,
  author       = {Marmion, J},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {La psicología de la estupidez: explicada por las mentes más brillantes del mundo},
  journaltitle = {Península},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{marquina2021marquina,
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Marquina, J. (17/06/2021). Ranking de repositorios y portales de acceso abierto en España con mayor número de registros indexados en Google Scholar},
  url          = {https://www.julianmarquina.es/mayores-repositorios-y-portales-de-acceso-abierto-en-espana-segun-google-scholar},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Cauces formales: revistas científicas, bases de datos, congresos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{marshall2004effects,
  author       = {Marshall, Lee},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {The Effects of Piracy Upon the Music Industry: a Case Study of Bootlegging},
  journaltitle = {Media Culture \& Society},
  doi          = {10.1177/0163443704039497},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443704039497},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{martin-martin2018google,
  author       = {Martín-Martín, A and Orduna-Malea, E and Thelwall, M and Delgado López-Cózar, E},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus: A systematic comparison of citations in 252 subject categories},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Informetrics},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{martin2007benefits,
  author       = {Martin, Ben R. and Tang, Puay},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {The Benefits from Publicly Funded Research},
  journaltitle = {SPRU Electronic Working Paper Series 161, Univ. of Sussex},
  url          = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ben-Martin-8/publication/24132170_The_benefits_from_publicly_funded_research/links/58809b5ea6fdcc77e113a638/The-benefits-from-publicly-funded-research.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{martinez2022martinez,
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Martínez-Cortiña, R. (16/11/2022): Hacia la revolución humanista: Podemos superar colectivamente una eventual era de la oscuridad emulando una de las mejores prácticas en la historia del ser humano, el Renacimiento},
  url          = {https://telos.fundaciontelefonica.com/hacia-la-revolucion-humanista/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{martinez2024proneness,
  author       = {Martínez, N and Barberia, I and Rodríguez-Ferreiro, J},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Proneness to false memory generation predicts pseudoscientific belief endorsement},
  journaltitle = {Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{marulli2024understanding,
  author       = {Marulli, F and Campanile, L and De Biase, M. S and Marrone, S and Verde, L and Bifulco, M},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Understanding Readability of Large Language Models Output: An Empirical Analysis},
  journaltitle = {Procedia Computer Science},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.procs.2024.09.636},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.09.636},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{mas-bleda2014highly,
  author       = {Mas-Bleda, A and Thelwall, M and Kousha, K and Aguillo, I. F},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Do highly cited researchers successfully use the social web?},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{mateo2019ciencia,
  author       = {Granados Mateo, J. L},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Ciencia posnormal, o cómo se estudia el clima en tiempos de incertidumbre},
  journaltitle = {The Conversation España},
  url          = {https://theconversation.com/ciencia-posnormal-o-como-se-estudia-el-clima-en-tiempos-de-incertidumbre-127881},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{mcintyre2015respecting,
  author       = {McIntyre, Lee C},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Respecting truth: Willful ignorance in the internet age},
  publisher    = {New York: Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
}

@article{mcintyre2021scientific,
  author       = {McIntyre, Lee C and McIntyre, Lee},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The scientific attitude: Defending science from denial, fraud, and pseudoscience},
  journaltitle = {HighBridge Audio},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{mcintyre2023disinformation,
  author       = {McIntyre, L},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {On disinformation: How to Fight for Truth and Protect Democracy},
  publisher    = {{MIT} Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{meadows2004limits,
  author       = {Meadows, Donella H and Jorgen Randers and Meadows, Dennis L.},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {The Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update},
  journaltitle = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{medero2022modeling,
  author       = {Medero, Kristina and Kelly Merrill Jr and Ross, Morgan Quinn},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Modeling Access Across the Digital Divide for Intersectional Groups Seeking Web-Based Health Information: National Survey},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  doi          = {10.2196/32678},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2196/32678},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{medina2013epistemology,
  author       = {Medina, José},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Epistemology of Resistance: Gender and Racial Oppression, Epistemic Injustice, and Resistant Imaginations},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {New York},
  doi          = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199929023.001.0001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199929023.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros; 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | PENDIENTE-subtitulo},
}

@article{memorias1998cualquier,
  author       = {Las falsas memorias and definidas como recuerdos de eventos que nunca ocurrieron o recuerdos distorsionados de eventos reales and son un fenómeno normal en la cognición humana (Lampinen et al},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {Cualquier persona es susceptible de generar falsas memorias en mayor o menor medida},
  journaltitle = {Por lo tanto},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.7. Creencias pseudocientíficas y errores metodológicos asociados},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{menendez2018comunicacion,
  author       = {Fernández Menéndez, J and García López-Romero, F. J},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {La comunicación del conocimiento científico: análisis comparativo entre las revistas académicas y las redes sociales},
  journaltitle = {Revista Latina de Comunicación Social},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Cauces formales: revistas científicas, bases de datos, congresos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{meneses2023meneses,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Meneses, N. (30 {MAR} 2023): ChatGPT y educación: ¿un nuevo enemigo o aliado de los profesores?},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/economia/formacion/2023-03-30/chatgpt-y-educacion-un-nuevo-enemigo-o-aliado-de-los-profesores.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{merkel1998role,
  author       = {Merkel, A},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {The Role of Science in Sustainable Development},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.281.5375.336},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5375.336},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{metodosfmetodo,
  title        = {Método científico},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9todo_cient%C3%ADfico},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{ministerio2021ministerio,
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Ministerio de Consumo (Nov. 2021). [Fraudes y estafas comerciales]()},
  url          = {https://cec.consumo.gob.es/CEC/comunicacion/publicaciones/docs/Folleto_Fraudes_Estafas.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{mller2017neurotechnology,
  author       = {Müller, Oliver and Rotter, Stefan},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Neurotechnology: Current Developments and Ethical Issues},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience},
  doi          = {10.3389/fnsys.2017.00093},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2017.00093},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{moher2001consort,
  author       = {Moher, D and Schulz, K. F and Altman, D. G},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {The {CONSORT} statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomised trials},
  journaltitle = {Lancet (London},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{moher2009preferred,
  author       = {Moher, D and Liberati, A and Tetzlaff, J and Altman, D. G and Group, PRISMA},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the {PRISMA} statement},
  journaltitle = {PLoS medicine},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{molas-gallart2016towards,
  author       = {Molas-Gallart, Jordi and Pablo D’Este, Oscar Llopis and Rafols, Ismael},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Towards an alternative framework for the evaluation of translational research initiatives},
  journaltitle = {Research Evaluation},
  doi          = {10.1093/reseval/rvv027},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvv027},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación / listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2016},
}

@online{moreno2021negacionismo,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, Miguel},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Negacionismo y conflicto social},
  organization = {Gazeta de antropología},
  url          = {http://www.gazeta-antropologia.es/?p=5537},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
}

@book{moreno2026teoria,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, Miguel},
  title        = {Teoría del Conocimiento},
  subtitle     = {Monografía técnica 2631137 — v5},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {Zenodo — CERN Research Repository},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.10826047},
  url          = {https://tc26.vercel.app/},
  language     = {es},
}

@online{morin2001siete,
  author       = {Morin, E},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Los siete saberes necesarios para la educación del futuro.París: {UNESCO}},
  url          = {https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000117740_spa},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
}

@article{munoz2019coste,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, M},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {El coste de la manipulación informativa en situaciones de alerta por fenómenos potencialmente catastróficos},
  journaltitle = {Comunicación en el {II} Congreso Internacional «{COMUNICACIÓN} Y {FILOSOFÍA}»},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.3551718},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3551718},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{munoz2021coste,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, M},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {El coste de la distorsión informativa en situaciones de alerta por fenómenos potencialmente catastróficos},
  journaltitle = {en Rosalba Mancinas-Chávez},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4619876},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619876},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{musgrave2021logic,
  author       = {Musgrave, A},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The logic of scientific discovery without induction},
  journaltitle = {Metascience},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11016-020-00586-0},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11016-020-00586-0},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@online{naegele2018naegele,
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Naegele, Janice R. (14/03/2018). Controversial brain study has scientists rethinking neuron research},
  url          = {https://theconversation.com/controversial-brain-study-has-scientists-rethinking-neuron-research-93183},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{najafi2024high,
  author       = {Najafi, H and Shrestha, P. K and Rakovec, O and Apel, H and Vorogushyn, S and Kumar, R and Thober, S and Merz, B and Samaniego, L},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {High-resolution impact-based early warning system for riverine flooding},
  journaltitle = {Nature Communications},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41467-024-48065-y},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48065-y},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{navas2021remix,
  author       = {Navas, Eduardo},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Remix Theory: The Aesthetics of Sampling},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  location     = {Viena},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-7091-1263-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1263-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{nbc2020talk,
  author       = {NBC},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {How to talk to family or friends that went down the QAnon rabbit hole},
  journaltitle = {[Vídeo]},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{netref2016netref,
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {NetRef (14/01/2016). «The Digital Divide in the Age of the Connected Classroom»},
  url          = {https://net-ref.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Bridging-the-Digital-Divide-NetRef-White-Paper-FINAL.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{news2020twitter,
  author       = {News, NBC},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Twitter bans conspiracy theory followers, cites harassment and misinformation},
  journaltitle = {[Vídeo]},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{nichols2017death,
  author       = {Nichols, T. M},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The death of expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and why it Matters},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{nickles2014heuristic,
  author       = {Nickles, T},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Heuristic Appraisal at the Frontier of Research},
  journaltitle = {En Studies in applied philosophy},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-319-09159-4_4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09159-4_4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{nonaka2020wise,
  author       = {Nonaka, I and Takeuchi, H},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The wise company: How companies create continuous innovation},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos / listado final},
}

@misc{npr2023will,
  author       = {NPR},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {How will generative Al — such as ChatGPT — affect the workplace?},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
}

@misc{ober2008democracy,
  author       = {Ober, J},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Democracy and knowledge: Innovation and Learning in Classical Athens},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@misc{oceanic2010what,
  author       = {Oceanic, NOAA (National and Administration), Atmospheric},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {What Is Coral Bleaching?},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
}

@article{odoherty2017deliberative,
  author       = {O’Doherty, Kieran C},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Deliberative public opinion},
  journaltitle = {History of the Human Sciences},
  doi          = {10.1177/0952695117722718},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0952695117722718},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{onguny2019mediated,
  author       = {Onguny, Philip Oburu},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Mediated political participation and competing discourses of online civic engagement},
  journaltitle = {Journal of development and communication studies},
  doi          = {10.4314/jdcs.v6i1.3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4314/jdcs.v6i1.3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{oppenheimer2019discerning,
  author       = {Oppenheimer, M and Oreskes, N and Jamieson, D and Brysse, K and O’Reilly, J and Shindell, M and Wazeck, M},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Discerning experts: The Practices of Scientific Assessment for Environmental Policy},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
}

@article{oreskes1994verification,
  author       = {Oreskes, N and Shrader-Frechette, K and Belitz, K},
  year         = {1994},
  title        = {Verification, Validation, and Confirmation of Numerical Models in the Earth Sciences},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.263.5147.641},
  url          = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.263.5147.641},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{oreskes2004beyond,
  author       = {Oreskes, N},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.1103618},
  url          = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1103618},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{oreskes2004consensus,
  author       = {Oreskes, N},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {Consensus in science: How do we know we're not wrong},
  journaltitle = {presented at the {AAAS} meeting on},
  url          = {https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/resources/globalwarming/oreskes-chapter-4.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{oreskes2010merchants,
  author       = {Oreskes, Naomi and Conway, Erik M.},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming},
  publisher    = {Bloomsbury Publishing},
  address      = {London},
  langid       = {english},
  note         = {Errata and corrections available at: \url{https://www.merchantsofdoubt.org/home/errata/}},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{oreskes2020mercaderes,
  author       = {Oreskes, Naomi and Conway, Erik M.},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Mercaderes de la duda: Cómo un puñado de científicos ocultaron la verdad sobre el calentamiento global},
  journaltitle = {{CAPITÁN} {SWING} {LIBROS}},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{oreskes2021trust,
  author       = {Oreskes, Naomi},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Why Trust Science?},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  location     = {Princeton, NJ},
  doi          = {10.1515/9780691189932},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691189932},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2021},
}

@online{montefiore2026,
  author    = {Montefiore, Simon Sebag},
  title     = {The Democracies Can Still Triumph: Liberal societies need to show they can win—without destroying their own values from within},
  year      = {2026},
  month     = {jun},
  day       = {28},
  publisher = {The Atlantic},
  url       = {https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/2026/06/democracy-history-autocracies-dictatorships/687720/},
}

@article{osullivan2024contemporary,
  author       = {O’Sullivan, H and Polkinghorne, M and Chapleo, C and Cownie, F},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Contemporary Branding Strategies for Higher Education},
  journaltitle = {Encyclopedia},
  doi          = {10.3390/encyclopedia4030085},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4030085},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{page2006climate,
  author       = {Page, E},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Climate Change, Justice and Future Generations},
  journaltitle = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
  isbn         = {978 1 84376 184 6},  
  url          = {https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/gbp/climate-change-justice-and-future-generations-9781843761846.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.6. Implicaciones sociales del consenso científico acerca del cambio climático},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{page2021assessing,
  author       = {Page and M. J. et al},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis},
  journaltitle = {In J},
  url          = {https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/current/chapter-13},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.9. Sesgos y riesgo de distorsión metodológica en otras disciplinas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{page2021prisma,
  author       = {Page and M. J. et al},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The {PRISMA} 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews},
  journaltitle = {{PLOS} Medicine},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1003583},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003583},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@online{parra2022estudios,
  author       = {Parra, Sergio},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {El 99,9 \% de los estudios científicos lo confirma: el cambio climático está causado por el ser humano},
  organization = {National geographic},
  url          = {https://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/ciencia/999-estudios-cientificos-confirma-cambio-climatico-esta-causado-por-ser-humano_18994},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático / listado final},
}

@misc{pasquini2021algorithm,
  author       = {Pasquini, C and Lang, K},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The Algorithm and the User: How Can Control Theory Help Us Understand the Dynamics of Digital Platforms? Information Systems Journal, 31(1), 5-27},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.4. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
}

@book{peels2023ignorance,
  author       = {Peels, Rik},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Ignorance: A Philosophical Study},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{penningrowsell2000benefits,
  author       = {Penning‐Rowsell, E. C and Tunstall, S. M and Tapsell, S. M and Parker, D. J},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {The Benefits of Flood Warnings: Real But Elusive, and Politically Significant},
  journaltitle = {Water and Environment Journal},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00219.x},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00219.x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{pereda2018pereda,
  author  = {Pereda, Olga and Raffio, Valentina},
  title   = {Los imperios económicos de los charlatanes de la pseudociencia},
  journal = {El Periódico},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = oct,
  day     = {19},
  url     = {https://www.elperiodico.com/es/sociedad/20181019/facturacion-empresas-pseudociencia-pamies-corbera-marti-7097119},
  langid  = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
  note    = {Cifras destacadas: Pàmies Horticoles S.L. (constituida 1999; ~20 empleados) — ingresos > €2,000,000 (último año), beneficio €136,591 (caída 13\% respecto a 2016); beneficios históricos: €40,335 (2013), €141,855 (2014). Instituto Enric Corbera (constituido 2014; 13 empleados) — ingresos > €4,300,000 (2016), beneficio €964,763.},  
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | verificado-autor},
}

@online{perez2023perez,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Pérez Colomé, J. (22 feb 2023): Así es la irrupción inexorable de la nueva {IA} a las aulas},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2023-02-22/obligo-a-usar-chatgpt-en-mis-clases-asi-es-la-irrupcion-inexorable-de-la-nueva-ia-a-las-aulas.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{peters2013between,
  author       = {Peters, H.P},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Gap between science and media revisited: Scientists as public communicators},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{polok2023balancing,
  author       = {Polok, B and El-Taj, H and Rana, A. A},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Balancing Potential and Peril: The Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights},
  journaltitle = {{SSRN} Electronic Journal},
  doi          = {10.2139/ssrn.4484386},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4484386},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{popkin1979historia,
  author       = {Popkin, R. H},
  year         = {1979},
  title        = {Historia del escepticismo},
  journaltitle = {De Erasmo a Spinoza},
  langid       = {english},
  isbn         = {0-520-03876-2},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{popkin1979history,
  author       = {Popkin, R. H},
  year         = {1979},
  title        = {The History of Scepticism from Erasmus to Spinoza},
  publisher    = {Univ of California Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@article{popkin1999skepticism,
  author       = {Popkin and H, R},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {Skepticism | Definition, Philosophy, examples, History, \& Criticism},
  journaltitle = {Encyclopedia Britannica},
  url          = {https://www.britannica.com/topic/skepticism},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{popkin2003history,
  author       = {Popkin, R. H and Popkin, R. H},
  year         = {2003},
  title        = {The history of scepticism: From Savonarola to Bayle (Rev},
  publisher    = {and expanded ed)},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Versiones del escepticismo / listado final},
}

@book{popper1963conjectures,
  author       = {Popper, Karl},
  year         = {1963},
  title        = {Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge},
  publisher    = {London: Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
}

@article{popper1993logica,
  author       = {Popper, Karl},
  year         = {1993},
  title        = {Logica de La Investigacion},
  journaltitle = {Tecnos},
  langid       = {english},
  isbn         = {978-84-309-4607-5},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{popper2002logic,
  author       = {Popper, K},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery (2nd ed.)},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@book{popper1980logica,
  author       = {Popper, Karl R.},
  year         = {1980},
  title        = {La lógica de la investigación científica},
  publisher    = {Tecnos},
  location     = {Madrid},
  translator   = {Sánchez de Zavala, Víctor},
  origdate     = {1934},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  note         = {Traducción de «Logik der Forschung» (1934). El pasaje citado es el cap. 1, aptdo. 3, «Contrastación deductiva de teorías»},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-ejemplar-2026-08-26: apartado y paginación (cap. 1, aptdo. 3, pp. 32-33) comprobados por el autor de la monografía sobre la edición de Tecnos de 1980, y concordantes con la 1.a ed. española (Tecnos, 1962, trad. V. Sánchez de Zavala)},
}

@misc{priem2010priem,
  author       = {Priem, Jason and Taraborelli, Dario and Groth, Paul and Neylon, Cameron},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Altmetrics: A Manifesto},
  howpublished = {altmetrics.org, 26 de octubre},
  url          = {http://altmetrics.org/manifesto},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: campo de autor reparado (el parseo había absorbido el título como cuarto autor) y fusionada con la duplicada priem2019altmetrics, que databa el manifiesto en 2019},
}

@book{project1998essential,
  author       = {Project, P. E},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {The Essential Peirce, Volume 2 (1893–1913): Selected Philosophical Writings},
  publisher    = {Indiana University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@online{protociencia2025wikipedia,
  author       = {"Protociencia", Entrada},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {En Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Protociencia&oldid=167521528},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia},
}

@book{publicidad1994historia,
  author       = {Habermas, J{\"u}rgen},
  title        = {Historia y cr{\'\i}tica de la opini{\'o}n p{\'u}blica},
  year         = {1994},
  publisher    = {Editorial Gustavo Gili},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
}

@article{quadrado2024sara,
  author       = {Quadrado, S},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Sara Gómez y la liposucción letal que ha traído justicia},
  journaltitle = {La Vanguardia},
  url          = {https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20240922/9958358/sara-gomez-liposuccion-letal-traido-justicia.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{quesfprospectiva,
  author       = {LISA Institute},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Qué es la Prospectiva y el Análisis Prospectivo},
  url          = {https://www.lisainstitute.com/blogs/blog/prospectiva-y-analisis-prospectivo},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
  verificacion = {verificada: url, autor, año},
}

@article{radford2020language,
  author       = {Radford, A and Wu, J and Child, R and Luan, D and Amodei, D and Sutskever, I},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Language Models are Few-Shot Learners},
  journaltitle = {arXiv},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{ramassframas,
  title        = {Ramas de la Inteligencia Artificial: Técnicas y aplicaciones | {APD}},
  url          = {https://www.apd.es/tecnicas-de-la-inteligencia-artificial-cuales-son-y-para-que-se-utilizan/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{rapeli2013conception,
  author       = {Rapeli, L},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {The Conception of Citizen Knowledge in Democratic Theory},
  journaltitle = {In Palgrave Macmillan {UK} eBooks},
  doi          = {10.1057/9781137322869},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137322869},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto | anio-en-qmd:2013},
}

@online{razonamientosfrazonamiento,
  title        = {Razonamiento abductivo},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razonamiento_abductivo},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{redaccion2020redaccion,
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Redacción (feb. 2020). Publicaciones científicas por países: recuento por autoría y por artículo},
  url          = {https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/es/publicaciones-cientificas-por-paises-recuento-por-autoria-y-por-articulo/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{redman2021production,
  author       = {Redman, S and T. Greenhalgh, L. Adedokun and S. Staniszewska and Denegri, S.},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Co-production of knowledge: the future},
  journaltitle = {{BMJ}},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmj.n434},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n434},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{rehg2009cogent,
  author       = {Rehg, William},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Cogent science in context: The science wars, argumentation theory, and Habermas},
  publisher    = {Mit Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@article{reichertz2019abduction,
  author       = {Reichertz, J},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Abduction: The logic of discovery of grounded theory - An updated review},
  journaltitle = {In A},
  doi          = {10.4135/9781526436061.n15},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526436061.n15},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{rescher1973coherence,
  author       = {Rescher, N},
  year         = {1973},
  title        = {Coherence Theory of Truth},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{rich2019lessons,
  author       = {Rich, Alexander S and Gureckis, Todd M.},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Lessons for artificial intelligence from the study of natural stupidity},
  journaltitle = {Nature Machine Intelligence},
  doi          = {10.1038/s42256-019-0038-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0038-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{rijcke2016evaluation,
  author       = {De Rijcke, Sarah and Wouters, Paul F. and Rushforth, Alex D. and Franssen, Thomas P. and Hammarfelt, Björn},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Evaluation practices and effects of indicator use---a literature review},
  journaltitle = {Research Evaluation},
  volume       = {25},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {161--169},
  doi          = {10.1093/reseval/rvv038},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvv038},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: el DOI que aportó el autor manda. La entrada databa el trabajo en 2021; el número del que forma parte es de abril de 2016, con publicación en línea en diciembre de 2015},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
}

@article{rollason2018rethinking,
  author       = {Rollason, E and Bracken, L. J and Hardy, R. J and Large, A. R. G},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Rethinking flood risk communication},
  journaltitle = {Natural Hazards},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11069-018-3273-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3273-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{romero-vecchione2017integridad,
  author       = {Romero-Vecchione, E},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {La integridad del investigador: retractación de publicaciones científicas, motivos, consecuencias y etapas de prevención},
  journaltitle = {Vitae: Academia Biomédica Digital},
  url          = {https://vitae.ucv.ve/pdfs/VITAE_5459.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{rose2012human,
  author       = {Rose, N. S},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The human sciences in a biological age},
  journaltitle = {University of Western Sydney},
  doi          = {10.4225/35/57A960870AC60},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4225/35/57A960870AC60},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{rosenfeld2017relationshipb,
  author       = {Rosenfeld, Richard and Fornango, Robert},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {The Relationship Between Crime and Stop, Question, and Frisk Rates in New York City Neighborhoods},
  journaltitle = {Justice Quarterly},
  doi          = {10.1080/07418825.2016.1275748},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2016.1275748},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{rozo2024cajal,
  author       = {Rozo, J. A and Martínez-Gallego, I and Rodríguez-Moreno, A},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Cajal, the neuronal theory and the idea of brain plasticity},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Neuroanatomy},
  doi          = {10.3389/fnana.2024.1331666},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1331666},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@misc{rural2021some,
  author       = {Some digital divides persist between rural and urban and suburban America. AUGUST 19},
  year         = {2021},
  url          = {https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/08/19/some-digital-divides-persist-between-rural-urban-and-suburban-america/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(media)},
}

@book{russell1912problems,
  author       = {Russell, B},
  year         = {1912},
  title        = {Problems of Philosophy},
  publisher    = {London: Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@article{russell2019artificial,
  author       = {Russell, Stuart and Norvig, Peter},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach},
  journaltitle = {Pearson Higher Education},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{s2021crisis,
  author       = {S, Jasanoff.},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The crisis of science advising},
  journaltitle = {Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{salas2016revision,
  author       = {Salas, J},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Una revisión invalida miles de estudios del cerebro},
  journaltitle = {El País},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/07/26/ciencia/1469532340_615895.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{samarija2023epistemology,
  author       = {Samaržija, Hana and Quassim Cassam and eds},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The Epistemology of Democracy},
  journaltitle = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{sampat2019patents,
  author       = {Sampat, Bhaven and Williams, Heidi L.},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {How Do Patents Affect Follow-On Innovation? Evidence from the Human Genome},
  journaltitle = {American Economic Review},
  volume       = {109},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {203--236},
  doi          = {10.1257/aer.20151398},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151398},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-01},
}

@article{sanchez2023ciencia,
  author       = {Sánchez, R. M},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Ciencia, pseudociencia y protociencia: Conceptos y diferencias clave},
  journaltitle = {Mente y Ciencia},
  url          = {https://www.menteyciencia.com/ciencia-pseudociencia-y-protociencia-conceptos-y-diferencias-clave/},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Heterodoxia científica, protociencia y anticiencia / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{satel2013brainwashed,
  author       = {Satel, Sally and Lilienfeld, Scott O.},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Brainwashed: The Seductive Appeal of Mindless Neuroscience},
  journaltitle = {New York: Basic Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{savitha2020recommendations,
  author       = {Savitha, A. et al},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Recommendations for cutaneous and aesthetic surgeries during {COVID}-19 pandemic},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery},
  doi          = {10.4103/jcas.jcas_83_20},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.4103/jcas.jcas_83_20},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{scharre2023four,
  author       = {Scharre, Paul},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Four Battlegrounds: Power in the Age of Artificial Intelligence},
  journaltitle = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{schn1983reflective,
  author       = {Schön, Donald A},
  year         = {1983},
  title        = {The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action},
  journaltitle = {New York: Basic Books},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{schurz2008patterns,
  author       = {Schurz, G},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Patterns of abduction},
  journaltitle = {Synthese},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11229-007-9223-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-007-9223-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@online{sciencesfscience,
  title        = {Science Direct (peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters)},
  url          = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.2. Cauces informales: blogs, webs especializadas, podcasts},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{seeber2024changes,
  author       = {Seeber, M},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Changes in scientific publishing and possible impact on authors choice of journals},
  journaltitle = {ChemTexts},
  doi          = {10.1007/s40828-024-00190-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40828-024-00190-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{selwyn2014internet,
  author       = {Selwyn, N},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Internet y educación},
  journaltitle = {C@mbio - OpenMind},
  url          = {https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/articulos/internet-y-educacion},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@misc{sfetcu2019karl,
  author       = {Sfetcu, Nicolae},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Karl Popper’s Demarcation Problem},
  doi          = {10.13140/RG.2.2.11481.36967},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11481.36967},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  note         = {Texto autopublicado, depositado en ResearchGate; no es publicación con revisión por pares},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-datacite-2026-08-26: autor, título, año y DOI confirmados contra DataCite y por el autor de la monografía. El DOI anterior del registro (10.13140/RG.2.2.22522.54725) pertenece a otro trabajo del mismo autor, «The distinction between falsification and refutation in the demarcation problem of Karl Popper» (2018). No consta editorial ni fecha de publicación verificables},
}

@article{shen2015predatory,
  author       = {Shen, C and Björk, B},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Predatory open access: a longitudinal study of article volumes and market characteristics},
  journaltitle = {{BMC} Medicine},
  doi          = {10.1186/s12916-015-0469-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0469-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{shmerling2020placebo,
  author       = {Shmerling, Robert H},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Placebo Effect: Amazing and Real},
  journaltitle = {Harvard Health},
  url          = {https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-placebo-effect-amazing-and-real-201511028544},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{shmerling2020shmerling,
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Shmerling, Robert H. (22/06/2020). “The Placebo Effect: Amazing and Real”. Harvard Health.  “The Power of the Placebo Effect”. 2021; veáse también: Harvard Health, 13/12/2021},
  url          = {https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-placebo-effect-amazing-and-real-201511028544;},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.10. Mala praxis y publicidad fraudulenta en medicina y salud},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{shool2025systematic,
  author       = {Shool, S and Adimi, S and Amleshi, R. S and Bitaraf, E and Golpira, R and Tara, M},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {A systematic review of large language model ({LLM}) evaluations in clinical medicine},
  journaltitle = {{BMC} Medical Informatics and Decision Making},
  doi          = {10.1186/s12911-025-02954-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-02954-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{sinatra2014addressing,
  author       = {Sinatra, G. M and Kienhues, D and Hofer, B. K},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Addressing challenges to public understanding of science: Epistemic cognition, motivated reasoning, and conceptual change},
  publisher    = {New York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@misc{smith2013civic,
  author       = {Smith and Aaron (Pew Research Center},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Civic Engagement in the Digital Age},
  url          = {https://core.ac.uk/reader/30677017},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento},
}

@book{sosa2007virtue,
  author       = {Sosa, Ernest},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {A Virtue Epistemology: Apt Belief and Reflective Knowledge, Volume I},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  doi          = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297023.001.0001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297023.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{stea2023investigating,
  author       = {Stea, Jonathan N and Hupp, Stephen},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Investigating Clinical Psychology: Pseudoscience, Fringe Science, and Controversies},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{sterne2019revised,
  author       = {Sterne and J. A. C. et al},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials},
  journaltitle = {{BMJ}},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmj.l4898},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4898},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.9. Sesgos y riesgo de distorsión metodológica en otras disciplinas},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{stiglitz2006making,
  author       = {Stiglitz, J. E},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Making Globalization Work},
  journaltitle = {New York: W},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología: dinámicas de poder y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{stocklmayer2020role,
  author       = {Stocklmayer, S and Gilbert, J.K and Treagust, D},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The Role of Contextual Information in the Interpretation of Science Text},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Science Education},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
  verificacion = {NO-LOCALIZABLE-2026-08-31 | no existe ningun articulo con este titulo y estos autores; sustituida en el texto por gilbert2006context},
}

@article{strasser2012data,
  author       = {Strasser, B. J},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Data-driven sciences: From wonder cabinets to electronic databases},
  journaltitle = {Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{subersfsuber,
  title        = {Suber, Peter. Writings on open access},
  url          = {https://cyber.harvard.edu/~psuber/wiki/Writings_on_open_access},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{suburbs2020video,
  author       = {suburbs, How QAnon is spreading unproven theories through the},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {[Vídeo]},
  journaltitle = {{NBC} News},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(media) | PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{sulston2002sulston,
  author       = {Sulston, John and Ferry, Georgina},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {The Common Thread: A Story of Science, Politics, Ethics and the Human Genome},
  publisher    = {Bantam Press},
  location     = {Londres},
  url          = {http://hdl.handle.net/10822/547103},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-08-31 (parseo)},
}

@article{sun2017revisiting,
  author       = {Sun, C and Shrivastava, A and Singh, S and Gupta, A},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Revisiting unreasonable effectiveness of data in deep learning era},
  journaltitle = {arXiv},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.02968},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@book{sunstein2006infotopia,
  author       = {Sunstein, Cass R},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Infotopia: How many minds produce knowledge},
  publisher    = {Nueva York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto | PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{sunstein2017republic,
  author       = {Sunstein, Cass R},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {\#republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media},
  publisher    = {Princeton},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participación pública, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@article{swan2012sensor,
  author       = {Swan, Melanie},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Sensor Mania! The Internet of Things, Wearable Computing, Objective Metrics, and the Quantified Self 2.0},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks},
  doi          = {10.3390/jsan1030217},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan1030217},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataísmo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y *machine learning* / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{taylor2013quasi,
  author       = {Taylor, B. J and Cantwell, B and Slaughter, S},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Quasi-Markets in U.S. Higher Education: The Humanities and Institutional Revenues},
  journaltitle = {The Journal of Higher Education},
  doi          = {10.1353/jhe.2013.0030},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2013.0030},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{tennant2016academic,
  author       = {Tennant, Jonathan P. and Waldner, François and Jacques, Damien C. and Masuzzo, Paola and Collister, Lauren B. and Hartgerink, Chris H. J.},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {The academic, economic and societal impacts of Open Access: an evidence-based review},
  journaltitle = {F1000Research},
  volume       = {5},
  pages        = {632},
  doi          = {10.12688/f1000research.8460.3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8460.3},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-26: el DOI que aportó el autor manda. La entrada databa el trabajo en 2019 y es de 2016 (versión 3 del artículo)},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.4. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
}

@online{the1906nobel,
  year         = {1906},
  title        = {The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906. NobelPrize.org},
  url          = {https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1906/cajal/biographical/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{theocharis2023platform,
  author       = {Theocharis, Yannis and Shelley Boulianne, Karolina Koc-Michalska and Bimber, Bruce},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Platform affordances and political participation: how social media reshape political engagement},
  journaltitle = {West European Politics},
  doi          = {10.1080/01402382.2022.2087410},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2022.2087410},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto | anio-en-qmd:2023},
}

@misc{tietoevry2023chatgpt,
  author       = {TietoEVRY},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {ChatGPT and beyond: What is the impact of generative Al on information work?},
  url          = {https://www.tietoevry.com/en/blog/2023/06/chatgpt-and-beyond-what-is-the-impact-of-generative-ai-on-information-work/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
}

@article{tight2020higher,
  author       = {Tight, Malcolm},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Higher education: discipline or field of study?},
  journaltitle = {Tertiary Education and Management},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11233-020-09060-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11233-020-09060-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{smith2006peer,
  author       = {Smith, Richard},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Peer review: a flawed process at the heart of science and journals},
  journaltitle = {Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine},
  volume       = {99},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {178--182},
  doi          = {10.1177/014107680609900414},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/014107680609900414},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Los límites de la revisión por pares: qué corrige, qué no y a qué ritmo},
  note         = {El autor fue director del BMJ durante trece años; el texto es a la vez testimonio y revisión de la evidencia experimental sobre revisión por pares},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-27},
}

@article{aczel2021billion,
  author       = {Aczel, Balazs and Szaszi, Barnabas and Holcombe, Alex O.},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {A billion-dollar donation: estimating the cost of researchers' time spent on peer review},
  journaltitle = {Research Integrity and Peer Review},
  volume       = {6},
  pages        = {14},
  doi          = {10.1186/s41073-021-00118-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-021-00118-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Los límites de la revisión por pares: qué corrige, qué no y a qué ritmo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-27: más de 100 millones de horas en 2020, equivalentes a más de 15.000 años; los propios autores declaran que es una subestimación},
}

@article{toma2021exploratory,
  author       = {Toma, C and Padureanu, L},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {An exploratory analysis of 4844 withdrawn articles and their retraction notes},
  journaltitle = {bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)},
  doi          = {10.1101/2021.09.30.462625},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.30.462625},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{trias2023trias,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Trias, X. (27 febrero 2023): El impacto de ChatGPT: ¿cómo afectará la irrupción y evolución de la inteligencia artificial en los próximos años?},
  url          = {https://www.ey.com/es_es/digital/el-impacto-chatgpt-como-afectara-irrupcion-evolucion-inteligencia-artificial},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
}

@article{triggle2021requiem,
  author       = {Triggle, C. R and MacDonald, R and Triggle, D. J and Grierson, D},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Requiem for impact factors and high publication charges},
  journaltitle = {Accountability in Research},
  doi          = {10.1080/08989621.2021.1909481},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2021.1909481},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{trouillot2015silencing,
  author       = {Trouillot, Michel-Rolph},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History},
  publisher    = {Boston: Beacon Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional},
}

@online{uc3msfgabinete,
  title        = {{UC3M}, Gabinete de estudios y prospectiva},
  url          = {https://www.uc3m.es/consejosocial/gabinete-estudios-prospectiva},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{uessfpublica,
  title        = {{UES} publica más de 160 artículos científicos en los últimos dos años},
  url          = {https://www.ues.edu.sv/blog/post/ues-publica-mas-de-160-articulos-cientificos-en-los-ultimos-dos-anos},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{unescosfunesco,
  title        = {{UNESCO}: Las licencias Creative Commons},
  url          = {https://bing.com/search?q=el+modelo+open-access+y+las+licencias+creative-commons},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{united2023united,
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {United Nations. s/f. “Cambio climático | Naciones Unidas”. Consultado el 19 de septiembre de 2023},
  url          = {https://www.un.org/es/global-issues/climate-change},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{vaidhyanathan2001copyrights,
  author       = {Vaidhyanathan, S},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Copyrights and copywrongs: The rise of intellectual property and how it threatens creativity},
  publisher    = {New York},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{vallor2016technology,
  author       = {Vallor, Shannon},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Technology and the Virtues: A Philosophical Guide to a Future Worth Wanting},
  publisher    = {Londres},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento: la revolución humanista / listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-editorial},
}

@book{mazzucato2013entrepreneurial,
  author       = {Mazzucato, Mariana},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs. Private Sector Myths},
  publisher    = {Anthem Press},
  location     = {Londres},
  isbn         = {978-0-85728-252-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  note         = {Tesis discutida: hay réplicas que le reprochan seleccionar los casos de éxito y no contabilizar los fracasos de la inversión pública. Se cita como posición, no como resultado establecido},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26},
}

@article{almond2022favourability,
  author       = {Almond, Douglas and Du, Xinming and Papp, Anna},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Favourability towards natural gas relates to funding source of university energy centres},
  journaltitle = {Nature Climate Change},
  volume       = {12},
  number       = {12},
  pages        = {1122--1128},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41558-022-01521-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-022-01521-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  note         = {Tiene réplica pública del Center on Global Energy Policy de la Universidad de Columbia (febrero de 2025)},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: resumen y datos de publicación cotejados en Nature},
}

@article{tezuka2026impact,
  author       = {Tezuka, Toshiki and Ito, Naoki and Takahashi, Kenzo},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {The impact of U.S. foreign aid reduction on global health},
  journaltitle = {Tropical Medicine and Health},
  volume       = {54},
  pages        = {33},
  doi          = {10.1186/s41182-025-00894-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-025-00894-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.6. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  note         = {Las cifras sanitarias que recoge son PROYECCIONES modelizadas para 2025-2030, no recuentos observados.},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: registro y cifras cotejados en la copia de PMC12937514},
}

@article{auwal2025global,
  author       = {Auwal, Abdulrahman Rabiu and Ishak, Ahmad Shalihin and Saidu Musa, Salihu and Musa, Ahmad and Saadu, Abdulrahman and Riaz, Ayesha},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The global implications of U.S. withdrawal from WHO and the USAID shutdown: challenges and strategic policy considerations},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Public Health},
  volume       = {13},
  pages        = {1589010},
  doi          = {10.3389/fpubh.2025.1589010},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1589010},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.6. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  note         = {Es un informe de posición con proyecciones, no un estudio de efectos observados. Su dato más sólido es histórico: los 2.400 millones de dólares que USAID movilizó en el brote de ébola de 2014},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26},
}

@misc{oms2026ebola,
  author       = {{Organización Mundial de la Salud}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Ebola outbreak --- Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026},
  howpublished = {Página de situación de emergencia},
  url          = {https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/ebola-outbreak---drc-2026},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.6. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {FUENTE-VIVA-consultada-2026-08-26: las cifras cambian; anotar siempre la fecha de consulta},
}

@misc{msf2026ebola,
  author       = {{Médicos Sin Fronteras}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Ebola disease outbreak in DR Congo: MSF response, key facts, and timeline},
  url          = {https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/latest/ebola-disease-outbreak-2026-how-msf-responding},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.6. Plataformas de acceso a las publicaciones científicas y apropiación de resultados de investigación},
  verificacion = {FUENTE-VIVA-consultada-2026-08-26: cifras de 26/07/2026 y valoración de 21/08/2026},
}

@article{gross2019contest,
  author       = {Gross, Kevin and Bergstrom, Carl T.},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Contest models highlight inherent inefficiencies of scientific funding competitions},
  journaltitle = {PLoS Biology},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {e3000065},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3000065},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000065},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: resumen y resumen de autor cotejados en PLOS},
}

@article{vonhippel2015apply,
  author       = {von Hippel, Ted and von Hippel, Courtney},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {To Apply or Not to Apply: A Survey Analysis of Grant Writing Costs and Benefits},
  journaltitle = {PLOS ONE},
  volume       = {10},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {e0118494},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0118494},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118494},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: cifras (116 h del IP y 55 h de los colaboradores) cotejadas en PLOS},
}

@report{ce2025horizonte,
  author       = {{Comisión Europea}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Interim Evaluation of the Horizon Europe Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2021-2027)},
  type         = {Commission Staff Working Document},
  number       = {SWD(2025) 110 final},
  institution  = {Comisión Europea},
  location     = {Bruselas},
  url          = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52025SC0110},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: cifras de propuestas, subvenciones y tasa de éxito cotejadas en el documento oficial, fechado 30/04/2025},
}

@misc{cosce2026manifiesto,
  author       = {{Confederación de Sociedades Científicas de España (COSCE)}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Por un Sistema Español de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SECTI) más eficiente y de mayor impacto},
  howpublished = {Manifiesto, 16 de abril, revisado el 29 de abril},
  url          = {https://cosce.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Manifiesto-COSCE-por-un-SECTI-mas-eficiente_rev.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: documento localizado y leído; procedencia de sus cifras comprobada y NO trazable},
}

@article{senior2017glybera,
  author       = {Senior, Melanie},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {After Glybera's withdrawal, what's next for gene therapy?},
  journaltitle = {Nature Biotechnology},
  volume       = {35},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {491--492},
  doi          = {10.1038/nbt0617-491},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0617-491},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-27: retirada de la autorización europea, ausencia de reembolso en todos los países y un único paciente tratado con reembolso, cotejados en el propio artículo},
}

@article{eklund2016cluster,
  author       = {Eklund, Anders and Nichols, Thomas E. and Knutsson, Hans},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Cluster failure: Why fMRI inferences for spatial extent have inflated false-positive rates},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {113},
  number       = {28},
  pages        = {7900--7905},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1602413113},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602413113},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  note         = {Tiene corrección publicada semanas después, PNAS 113(33), E4929: la declaración de relevancia original daba a entender que quedaban invalidadas las ~40.000 publicaciones de resonancia funcional, y se rebajó a «un número de estudios»},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-27; corrección localizada y cotejada},
}

@article{lenoury2015study329,
  author       = {Le Noury, Joanna and Nardo, John M. and Healy, David and Jureidini, Jon and Raven, Melissa and Tufanaru, Catalin and Abi-Jaoude, Elia},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Restoring Study 329: efficacy and harms of paroxetine and imipramine in treatment of major depression in adolescence},
  journaltitle = {BMJ},
  volume       = {351},
  pages        = {h4320},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmj.h4320},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h4320},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-27; resultados y conclusiones cotejados en el BMJ. El estudio original es Keller et al. (2001)},
}

@report{eurostat2025gbard,
  author       = {{Eurostat}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Government budget allocations for R\&D, 2024},
  type         = {Statistics Explained / Products Eurostat News},
  institution  = {Oficina Estadística de la Unión Europea},
  url          = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/w/ddn-20250729-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-27: 127.916 millones de euros, el 0,71 % del PIB de la UE en 2024; publicado el 29/07/2025},
}

@article{herbert2013time,
  author       = {Herbert, Danielle L. and Barnett, Adrian G. and Clarke, Philip and Graves, Nicholas},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {On the time spent preparing grant proposals: an observational study of Australian researchers},
  journaltitle = {BMJ Open},
  volume       = {3},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {e002800},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002800},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002800},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26; cifras del resumen cotejadas en el propio registro},
}

@article{fang2016nih,
  author       = {Fang, Ferric C. and Bowen, Anthony and Casadevall, Arturo},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {NIH peer review percentile scores are poorly predictive of grant productivity},
  journaltitle = {eLife},
  volume       = {5},
  pages        = {e13323},
  doi          = {10.7554/eLife.13323},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13323},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: resumen cotejado en eLife},
}

@article{fang2016lottery,
  author       = {Fang, Ferric C. and Casadevall, Arturo},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Research Funding: the Case for a Modified Lottery},
  journaltitle = {mBio},
  volume       = {7},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {e00422-16},
  doi          = {10.1128/mBio.00422-16},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00422-16},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: registro y argumento cotejados en la copia de PMC4959526},
}

@article{edwards2017academic,
  author       = {Edwards, Marc A. and Roy, Siddhartha},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Academic Research in the 21st Century: Maintaining Scientific Integrity in a Climate of Perverse Incentives and Hypercompetition},
  journaltitle = {Environmental Engineering Science},
  volume       = {34},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {51--61},
  doi          = {10.1089/ees.2016.0223},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2016.0223},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: registro del editor y copia en PMC5206685},
}

@article{smaldino2016natural,
  author       = {Smaldino, Paul E. and McElreath, Richard},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {The natural selection of bad science},
  journaltitle = {Royal Society Open Science},
  volume       = {3},
  number       = {9},
  pages        = {160384},
  doi          = {10.1098/rsos.160384},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160384},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  note         = {Tiene una corrección publicada en 2023: doi 10.1098/rsos.231026},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26; localizada además su corrección de 2023, que conviene mencionar si se cita el modelo con detalle},
}

@article{lundh2017industry,
  author       = {Lundh, Andreas and Lexchin, Joel and Mintzes, Barbara and Schroll, Jeppe B. and Bero, Lisa},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Industry sponsorship and research outcome},
  journaltitle = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {MR000033},
  doi          = {10.1002/14651858.MR000033.pub3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.MR000033.pub3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: cifras (RR 1,27 y RR 1,34) cotejadas contra el resumen de la propia revisión Cochrane},
}

@book{kuran1995private,
  author       = {Kuran, Timur},
  year         = {1995},
  title        = {Private Truths, Public Lies: The Social Consequences of Preference Falsification},
  publisher    = {Harvard University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge, MA},
  isbn         = {978-0-674-70758-0},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.9. Conformidad bajo coacción y dinámicas de cancelación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26},
}

@article{frontiers2014retraction,
  author       = {{Frontiers Editorial Office}},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Retraction: Recursive fury: Conspiracist ideation in the blogosphere in response to research on conspiracist ideation},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  volume       = {5},
  pages        = {293},
  doi          = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00293},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00293},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.9. Conformidad bajo coacción y dinámicas de cancelación},
  note         = {La nota de retractación declara expresamente que la investigación no halló problemas en los aspectos académicos ni éticos del estudio, y que la retirada se debe a que «el contexto legal no está suficientemente claro». El trabajo se republicó en 2015 como «Recurrent Fury» en el Journal of Social and Political Psychology},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: texto de la nota cotejado en la cobertura de Retraction Watch de 21/03/2014},
}

@article{vidal2023thousands,
  author       = {Vidal Valero, Myriam},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Thousands of scientists are cutting back on Twitter, seeding angst and uncertainty},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {620},
  number       = {7974},
  pages        = {482--484},
  doi          = {10.1038/d41586-023-02554-0},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02554-0},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Cauces informales: blogs, boletines, redes y circuitos de crítica},
  note         = {Pieza periodística de Nature sobre una encuesta propia a investigadores; no es un artículo de investigación.},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: datos de publicación cotejados},
}

@article{walters2023fabrication,
  author       = {Walters, William H. and Wilder, Esther Isabelle},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Fabrication and errors in the bibliographic citations generated by ChatGPT},
  journaltitle = {Scientific Reports},
  volume       = {13},
  pages        = {14045},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41598-023-41032-5},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41032-5},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.8. Agentes de IA en el ciclo de investigación: qué automatizan y con qué garantía},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: cifras del resumen (55 % y 18 % de citas fabricadas) cotejadas en el registro},
}

@inproceedings{liang2024monitoring,
  author       = {Liang, Weixin and Izzo, Zachary and Zhang, Yaohui and Lepp, Haley and Cao, Hancheng and Zhao, Xuandong and Chen, Lingjiao and Ye, Haotian and Liu, Sheng and Huang, Zhi and McFarland, Daniel A. and Zou, James Y.},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Monitoring AI-Modified Content at Scale: A Case Study on the Impact of ChatGPT on AI Conference Peer Reviews},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07183},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.8. Agentes de IA en el ciclo de investigación: qué automatizan y con qué garantía},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: resumen y cifras (6,5-16,9 %) cotejados en arXiv; publicado en las actas de ICML 2024},
}

@misc{cope2024autoria,
  author       = {{Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)}},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Authorship and AI tools. COPE position statement},
  url          = {https://publicationethics.org/guidance/cope-position/authorship-and-ai-tools},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.8. Agentes de IA en el ciclo de investigación: qué automatizan y con qué garantía},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: versión de 20/08/2024},
}

@article{fanelli2009how,
  author       = {Fanelli, Daniele},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {How Many Scientists Fabricate and Falsify Research? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survey Data},
  journaltitle = {PLoS ONE},
  volume       = {4},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {e5738},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0005738},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005738},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26; cifras del resumen cotejadas contra el artículo en PLOS},
}

@article{martinson2005scientists,
  author       = {Martinson, Brian C. and Anderson, Melissa S. and de Vries, Raymond},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {Scientists behaving badly},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {435},
  number       = {7043},
  pages        = {737--738},
  doi          = {10.1038/435737a},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/435737a},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26},
}

@article{john2012measuring,
  author       = {John, Leslie K. and Loewenstein, George and Prelec, Drazen},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Measuring the Prevalence of Questionable Research Practices With Incentives for Truth Telling},
  journaltitle = {Psychological Science},
  volume       = {23},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {524--532},
  doi          = {10.1177/0956797611430953},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611430953},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: registro y resumen cotejados en SAGE},
}

@misc{allea2023codigo,
  author       = {{ALLEA --- All European Academies}},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity. Revised Edition 2023},
  publisher    = {ALLEA},
  location     = {Berlín},
  url          = {https://allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/European-Code-of-Conduct-Revised-Edition-2023.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-26: edición revisada de 2023, adoptada por la Comisión Europea como referencia para Horizonte Europa},
}

@misc{singapur2010declaracion,
  author       = {{2nd World Conference on Research Integrity}},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Singapore Statement on Research Integrity},
  howpublished = {Singapur, 21-24 de julio de 2010},
  url          = {https://www.wcrif.org/guidance/singapore-statement},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.7. Integridad científica, responsabilidad profesional y ética de la investigación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-enlace},
}

@article{vannoorden2023more,
  author       = {Van Noorden, Richard},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {More than 10,000 research papers were retracted in 2023 --- a new record},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {624},
  number       = {7992},
  pages        = {479--481},
  doi          = {10.1038/d41586-023-03974-8},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-03974-8},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Los límites de la revisión por pares: qué corrige, qué no y a qué ritmo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO: cotejado contra la fuente primaria al preparar revision/pendiente-cap04-retractaciones.md},
}

@article{cheng2026tracking,
  author       = {Cheng, Michael W. T. and Yang, Xiao and Allen, Robert M.},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Tracking the retracted paper mill articles: a bibliometric study},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-026-05751-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-026-05751-6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Los límites de la revisión por pares: qué corrige, qué no y a qué ritmo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO: cotejado contra la fuente primaria al preparar revision/pendiente-cap04-retractaciones.md},
}

@misc{venturini2026retraction,
  author       = {Venturini, Sara and Urbinati, Andrea and Gallo, Paolo and Davis, Jessica T. and Vespignani, Alessandro},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {The retraction epidemic in science across publishers, fields, and countries},
  howpublished = {arXiv:2604.02302},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02302},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Los límites de la revisión por pares: qué corrige, qué no y a qué ritmo},
  note         = {**Preprint**: no ha pasado revisión por pares. Se cita como tal y así se declara en el texto},
  verificacion = {PREPRINT-2026-08-26: comprobar antes de cada render si ha salido ya en revista},
}

@article{vanclay2011impact,
  author       = {Vanclay, Jerome K.},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Impact factor: outdated artefact or stepping-stone to journal certification?},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  volume       = {92},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {211--238},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-011-0561-0},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-011-0561-0},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-26: el capítulo lo databa en 2022; volumen, número y páginas ya eran correctos},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.3. Índices de impacto y evaluación de la calidad de las publicaciones científicas},
}

@online{veasesfvease,
  title        = {Antipositivismo},
  author       = {{Wikipedia contributors}},
  year         = {2025},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipositivismo},
  urldate      = {2026-08-18},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@book{victor2011global,
  author       = {Victor, D. G},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Global Warming Gridlock: Creating More Effective Strategies for Protecting the Planet},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  url          = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/global-warming-gridlock/C3CA34B8CF61FAAB6929ABF98FDF965E},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.6. Implicaciones sociales del consenso científico acerca del cambio climático},
}

@article{vliverronen2022branding,
  author       = {Väliverronen, E and Sihvonen, T and Laaksonen, S and Koskela, M},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Branding the wow-academy: The risks of promotional culture and quasi-corporate communication in higher education},
  journaltitle = {Studies in Communication Sciences},
  doi          = {10.24434/j.scoms.2022.03.3285},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.24434/j.scoms.2022.03.3285},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{wachinger2012risk,
  author       = {Wachinger, G and Renn, O and Begg, C and Kuhlicke, C},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The Risk Perception Paradox - Implications for Governance and Communication of Natural Hazards},
  journaltitle = {Risk Analysis},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01942.x},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01942.x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. Paradigmas de racionalidad y conocimiento aplicado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{walker2018coherence,
  author       = {Walker, R. C. S},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {The Coherence Theory of Truth},
  publisher    = {In M},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad y criterios de certeza},
}

@article{walker2020exploring,
  author       = {Walker, Daniel M and Jennifer L. Hefner, Naleef Fareed and Timothy R. Huerta and McAlearney, Ann Scheck},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Exploring the Digital Divide: Age and Race Disparities in Use of an Inpatient Portal},
  journaltitle = {Telemedicine and e-Health},
  doi          = {10.1089/tmj.2019.0065},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2019.0065},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Política en la sociedad del conocimiento / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{walton2014abductive,
  author       = {Walton, D},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Abductive Reasoning},
  publisher    = {University of Alabama Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Relación entre emociones y procesos cognitivos},
}

@article{wan2019supporting,
  author       = {Wan, S and Paris, C and Dale, R},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Supporting e-Learning with Artificial Intelligence},
  journaltitle = {Handbook of Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupción de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa. Implicaciones},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{warner2011fact,
  author       = {Warner, J},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Fact-Free Science},
  journaltitle = {The New York Times},
  url          = {https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/27/magazine/27FOB-WWLN-t.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.2. Gestión política de resultados controvertidos de la investigación científica},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@online{websfsemantica,
  title        = {Web 2.0., Web 3.0 o Web semántica},
  url          = {https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@article{wei2020research,
  author       = {Wei, Mingkun},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Research on impact evaluation of open access journals},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-019-03306-6},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03306-6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons* / listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | anio-en-qmd:2020},
}

@article{weingart2019conflation,
  author       = {Weingart, Peter and Joubert, Marina},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The conflation of motives of science communication - causes, consequences, remedies},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Science Communication},
  doi          = {10.22323/2.18030401},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.22323/2.18030401},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.5. Estudios de alfabetización científica y percepción pública de la ciencia / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{weisberg2014willful,
  author       = {Weisberg, Herbert I},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Willful Ignorance: The Mismeasure of Uncertainty},
  publisher    = {Hoboken},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@online{whitesfwhite,
  title        = {White, K. (s. f.). Publications Output: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons | {NSF} - National Science Foundation},
  url          = {https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20206/technical-appendix},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@online{whitesfwhiteb,
  title        = {White, K. (s. f.-b). Publications Output: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons | {NSF} - National Science Foundation},
  url          = {https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20206/publication-output-by-region-country-or-economy},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-parseo(baja) | PENDIENTE-sin-autor | PENDIENTE-sin-anio},
}

@misc{wihbey2015does,
  author       = {Wihbey, John (Oct. 18},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {How does social media use influence political participation and civic engagement? A meta-analysis},
  url          = {https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/social-media-influence-politics-participation-engagement-meta-analysis/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participación activa en la generación de conocimiento},
}

@article{williams2016intellectual,
  author       = {Williams, Heidi L},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation: Evidence from Health Care Markets},
  journaltitle = {Innovation Policy and the Economy},
  doi          = {10.1086/684986},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1086/684986},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{williams2022signalling,
  author       = {Williams, Daniel},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Signalling, commitment, and strategic absurdities},
  journaltitle = {Mind \& Language},
  doi          = {10.1111/mila.12392},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/mila.12392},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {REVISAR-discrepancia-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto | anio-en-qmd:2022},
}

@book{willinsky2015access,
  author       = {Willinsky, John},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {The Access Principle: Open Access to Research and Scholarship},
  publisher    = {{MIT} Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
}

@misc{williston2023ethics,
  author       = {Williston, Byron},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The Ethics of Climate Change: An Introduction},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@book{wilson1998consilience,
  author       = {Wilson, Edward O.},
  year         = {1998},
  title        = {Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge},
  publisher    = {Alfred A. Knopf},
  location     = {New York},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-isbn},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad; 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
}

@book{wilson1999consilience,
  author       = {Wilson, Edward O.},
  year         = {1999},
  title        = {Consilience: la unidad del conocimiento},
  publisher    = {Galaxia Gutenberg / Círculo de Lectores},
  location     = {Barcelona},
  isbn         = {84-8109-239-8},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-isbn | PENDIENTE-traductor | PENDIENTE-paginacion | PENDIENTE-literalidad-cita},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.5. Teorías de la verdad; 1.6. El problema de la demarcación / edición de referencia para las páginas citadas},
}

@article{wipo2016propiedad,
  author       = {WIPO},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {La propiedad intelectual en el ámbito digital},
  journaltitle = {Día Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual},
  url          = {https://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/es/ipday/2016/ip_digital.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{wraas2008defining,
  author       = {Wæraas, A and Solbakk, M. N},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Defining the essence of a university: lessons from higher education branding},
  journaltitle = {Higher Education},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10734-008-9155-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-008-9155-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{xalabarder2006propiedad,
  author       = {Xalabarder, R},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {La propiedad intelectual en la era digital},
  journaltitle = {{UOC} Papers: revista sobre la sociedad del conocimiento},
  url          = {https://www.uoc.edu/culturaxxi/esp/articles/xalabarder0602/xalabarder0602.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi},
}

@article{xiao2024high,
  author       = {Xiao and Y. a. M. a. W. a. M},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {High Prices and Market Power of Academic Publishing Reduce Article Citations},
  journaltitle = {ProMarket},
  url          = {https://www.promarket.org/2024/04/24/high-prices-and-market-power-of-academic-publishing-reduce-article-citations/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{yang2023human,
  author       = {Yang, Riyan and Lin Li, Wensheng Gan and Zefeng Chen and Qi, Zhenlian},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The Human-Centric Metaverse: A Survey},
  journaltitle = {En Companion Proceedings of the {ACM} Web Conference},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-sin-doi | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{zarif2023economics,
  author       = {Zarif, A},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The Economics of Scientific Publishing},
  journaltitle = {The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine},
  doi          = {10.59249/omsp9618},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.59249/omsp9618},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref | NO-CITADA-en-texto},
}

@article{zhang2022comparing,
  author       = {Zhang, Lin and Beibei Sun, Fei Shu and Huang, Ying},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Comparing paper level classifications across different methods and systems: an investigation of Nature publications},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-022-04352-3},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04352-3},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. Intrusismo profesional / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{zhou2020role,
  author       = {Zhou, Ruoying and Tang, Puay},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {The role of university Knowledge Transfer Offices: Not just commercialize research outputs!},
  journaltitle = {Technovation},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102100},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102100},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quién se beneficia de los resultados de investigación / listado final},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{ziman2000real,
  author       = {Ziman, J},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {Real Science: What it is, and what it means},
  publisher    = {Cambridge: Cambridge University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso de los expertos},
}

@book{zittrain2008future,
  author       = {Zittrain, Jonathan L.},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It},
  publisher    = {Yale University Press},
  location     = {New Haven},
  isbn         = {9780300124873},
  url          = {https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/4455262/Zittrain_Future%20of%20the%20Internet.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {CORREGIDA-2026-09-01 | fusion de zittrain2008future y zittrain2009future; la primera edicion es de 2008 | el editor era «New Haven», que es la localidad, no la editorial},
}

@book{zuboff2019surveillance,
  author       = {Zuboff, Shoshana},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power},
  publisher    = {PublicAffairs},
  location     = {Nueva York},
  isbn         = {9781610395694},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economía de la información y prospectiva histórico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-04 | libro sin DOI. Reconstruida: venia como @article, con la ciudad de edicion alojada en journaltitle y sin editorial},
}

% ---------------------------------------------------------------------
% Entradas añadidas al migrar el capítulo 3. El emparejador automático no
% las localizó (una es un libro sin DOI; la otra, prensa divulgativa).
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------

@book{mitchell2009unsimple,
  author       = {Mitchell, Sandra D.},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Unsimple Truths: Science, Complexity, and Policy},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  location     = {Chicago},
  langid       = {english},
  note         = {Caps. 1 y 6.},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-isbn},
}

% =====================================================================
% FASE 4 — capítulo 1. Altas de 18/08/2026.
% Todas entran con PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi: ninguna se da por buena
% hasta cotejarla contra Crossref (R/completar_verificacion.R).
% =====================================================================

@article{gettier1963justified,
  author       = {Gettier, Edmund L.},
  year         = {1963},
  title        = {Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?},
  journaltitle = {Analysis},
  volume       = {23},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {121--123},
  doi          = {10.1093/analys/23.6.121},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@incollection{ichikawa2024analysis,
  author       = {Ichikawa, Jonathan Jenkins and Steup, Matthias},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The Analysis of Knowledge},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N. and Nodelman, Uri},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/knowledge-analysis/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@incollection{steup2024epistemology,
  author       = {Steup, Matthias and Neta, Ram},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Epistemology},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N. and Nodelman, Uri},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@incollection{goldman2024social,
  author       = {Goldman, Alvin and O'Connor, Cailin},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Social Epistemology},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N. and Nodelman, Uri},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology-social/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{goldman2001experts,
  author       = {Goldman, Alvin I.},
  year         = {2001},
  title        = {Experts: Which Ones Should You Trust?},
  journaltitle = {Philosophy and Phenomenological Research},
  volume       = {63},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {85--110},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1933-1592.2001.tb00093.x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{hardwig1985epistemic,
  author       = {Hardwig, John},
  year         = {1985},
  title        = {Epistemic Dependence},
  journaltitle = {The Journal of Philosophy},
  volume       = {82},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {335--349},
  doi          = {10.2307/2026523},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{kitcher1990division,
  author       = {Kitcher, Philip},
  year         = {1990},
  title        = {The Division of Cognitive Labor},
  journaltitle = {The Journal of Philosophy},
  volume       = {87},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {5--22},
  doi          = {10.2307/2026796},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{coady1992testimony,
  author       = {Coady, C. A. J.},
  year         = {1992},
  title        = {Testimony: A Philosophical Study},
  publisher    = {Clarendon Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{collins2007rethinking,
  author       = {Collins, Harry and Evans, Robert},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Rethinking Expertise},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  location     = {Chicago},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{collins2002third,
  author       = {Collins, H. M. and Evans, Robert},
  year         = {2002},
  title        = {The Third Wave of Science Studies: Studies of Expertise and Experience},
  journaltitle = {Social Studies of Science},
  volume       = {32},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {235--296},
  doi          = {10.1177/0306312702032002003},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{zagzebski2012epistemic,
  author       = {Zagzebski, Linda Trinkaus},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Epistemic Authority: A Theory of Trust, Authority, and Autonomy in Belief},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{nguyen2020echo,
  author       = {Nguyen, C. Thi},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Echo Chambers and Epistemic Bubbles},
  journaltitle = {Episteme},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {141--161},
  doi          = {10.1017/epi.2018.32},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{mercier2020notborn,
  author       = {Mercier, Hugo},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Not Born Yesterday: The Science of Who We Trust and What We Believe},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{polanyi1966tacit,
  author       = {Polanyi, Michael},
  year         = {1966},
  title        = {The Tacit Dimension},
  publisher    = {Routledge and Kegan Paul},
  location     = {London},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.1. Tipos de conocimiento y metodologías asociadas},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@incollection{hansson2021science,
  author       = {Hansson, Sven Ove},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Science and Pseudo-Science},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N.},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pseudo-science/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@collection{pigliucci2013philosophy,
  editor       = {Pigliucci, Massimo and Boudry, Maarten},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Philosophy of Pseudoscience: Reconsidering the Demarcation Problem},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  location     = {Chicago},
  doi          = {10.7208/chicago/9780226051826.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@incollection{laudan1983demise,
  author       = {Laudan, Larry},
  year         = {1983},
  title        = {The Demise of the Demarcation Problem},
  booktitle    = {Physics, Philosophy and Psychoanalysis},
  editor       = {Cohen, Robert S. and Laudan, Larry},
  series       = {Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science},
  volume       = {76},
  pages        = {111--127},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-94-009-7055-7_6},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{broncano2020conocimiento,
  author       = {Broncano, Fernando},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Conocimiento expropiado: Epistemología política en una democracia radical},
  publisher    = {Akal},
  location     = {Madrid},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1 §1.6 «El problema de la demarcación» (21/08/2026) -----

@incollection{lakatos1970falsification,
  author       = {Lakatos, Imre},
  year         = {1970},
  title        = {Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes},
  booktitle    = {Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge},
  editor       = {Lakatos, Imre and Musgrave, Alan},
  pages        = {91--196},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
}

@book{gordin2012pseudoscience,
  author       = {Gordin, Michael D.},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The Pseudoscience Wars: Immanuel Velikovsky and the Birth of the Modern Fringe},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  location     = {Chicago},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
}

@article{vickers2018acupuncture,
  author       = {Vickers, Andrew J. and Vertosick, Emily A. and Lewith, George and MacPherson, Hugh and Foster, Nadine E. and Sherman, Karen J. and Irnich, Dominik and Witt, Claudia M. and Linde, Klaus},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Acupuncture for Chronic Pain: Update of an Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis},
  journaltitle = {The Journal of Pain},
  volume       = {19},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {455--474},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jpain.2017.11.005},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
}

@article{colquhoun2013acupuncture,
  author       = {Colquhoun, David and Novella, Steven P.},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Acupuncture Is Theatrical Placebo},
  journaltitle = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
  volume       = {116},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {1360--1363},
  doi          = {10.1213/ANE.0b013e31828f2d5e},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.6. El problema de la demarcación},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1: entradas que faltaban para migrar las notas ----------

@incollection{comesana2024skepticism,
  author       = {Comesaña, Juan and Klein, Peter},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Skepticism},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N. and Nodelman, Uri},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2024/entries/skepticism/},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@incollection{ebbs2025content,
  author       = {Ebbs, Gary},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Content Externalism and Skepticism},
  booktitle    = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor       = {Zalta, Edward N. and Nodelman, Uri},
  publisher    = {Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University},
  url          = {https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2025/entries/skepticism-content-externalism/},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@online{khanacademy2024biologia,
  author       = {{Khan Academy}},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Lecciones de biología: experimentos y observaciones},
  url          = {https://es.khanacademy.org/science/biology/intro-to-biology/science-of-biology/a/experiments-and-observations},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-enlace},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
}

@online{qbi2018ethical,
  author       = {{Queensland Brain Institute}},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Ethical issues in neuroscience},
  url          = {https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/nature-discovery/ethical-issues-neuroscience},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-enlace},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.11. El estatus disciplinar y su historia},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1: §1.2 y §1.3 (21/08/2026) ----------------------------

@book{williamson2000knowledge,
  author       = {Williamson, Timothy},
  year         = {2000},
  title        = {Knowledge and Its Limits},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  doi          = {10.1093/019925656X.001.0001},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
}

@article{pohlhaus2012relational,
  author       = {Pohlhaus, Gaile},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Relational Knowing and Epistemic Injustice: Toward a Theory of Willful Hermeneutical Ignorance},
  journaltitle = {Hypatia},
  volume       = {27},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {715--735},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1527-2001.2011.01222.x},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

@incollection{bromme2010who,
  author       = {Bromme, Rainer and Kienhues, Dorothe and Porsch, Torsten},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Who Knows What and Who Can We Believe? Epistemological Beliefs Are Beliefs about Knowledge (Mostly) to Be Attained from Others},
  booktitle    = {Personal Epistemology in the Classroom: Theory, Research, and Implications for Practice},
  editor       = {Bendixen, Lisa D. and Feucht, Florian C.},
  chapter      = {6},
  pages        = {163--194},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | PENDIENTE-paginacion},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

@collection{mccain2019what,
  editor       = {McCain, Kevin and Kampourakis, Kostas},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {What Is Scientific Knowledge? An Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology of Science},
  publisher    = {Routledge},
  location     = {New York},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1 §1.4 (suspensión del juicio) y §1.2 (knowledge-first) -
% DOI de Friedman comprobados contra Springer y Wiley; paginación pendiente
% del cotejo con Crossref.

@article{friedman2013suspended,
  author       = {Friedman, Jane},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Suspended Judgment},
  journaltitle = {Philosophical Studies},
  volume       = {162},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {165--181},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11098-011-9753-y},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | PENDIENTE-paginacion},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@article{friedman2017why,
  author       = {Friedman, Jane},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Why Suspend Judging?},
  journaltitle = {Noûs},
  volume       = {51},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {302--326},
  doi          = {10.1111/nous.12137},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi | PENDIENTE-paginacion},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.4. Versiones del escepticismo},
}

@collection{carter2018knowledge,
  editor       = {Carter, J. Adam and Gordon, Emma C. and Jarvis, Benjamin W.},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Knowledge First: Approaches in Epistemology and Mind},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  isbn         = {9780198803454},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-isbn | PENDIENTE-subtitulo},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.2. Nociones básicas de epistemología},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1 §1.3: autoridad epistémica y transferencia de dominio ---

@misc{leonxiv2026magnifica,
  author       = {{León XIV}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Carta encíclica Magnifica humanitas sobre la custodia de la persona humana en el tiempo de la inteligencia artificial},
  howpublished = {Libreria Editrice Vaticana},
  location     = {Ciudad del Vaticano},
  url          = {https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/es/encyclicals/documents/20260515-magnifica-humanitas.html},
  urldate      = {2026-08-22},
  note         = {15 de mayo de 2026},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace | VERIFICADO-cita-parr-141},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

@misc{ddf2025antiqua,
  author       = {{Dicasterio para la Doctrina de la Fe} and {Dicasterio para la Cultura y la Educación}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Nota Antiqua et nova sobre la relación entre inteligencia artificial e inteligencia humana},
  howpublished = {Libreria Editrice Vaticana},
  location     = {Ciudad del Vaticano},
  note         = {Firmada el 14 de enero de 2025 y publicada el 28 de enero, fecha que recoge la dirección en vatican.va},
  url          = {https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_ddf_doc_20250128_antiqua-et-nova_sp.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

@misc{iri2026desarmando,
  author       = {{Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Desarmando la inteligencia artificial: aportes de León XIV desde Magnifica humanitas},
  howpublished = {Análisis de coyuntura n.º 63},
  url          = {https://www.iri.edu.ar/index.php/2026/08/18/analisis-de-coyuntura-n-63-desarmando-la-inteligencia-artificial-aportes-de-leon-xiv-desde-magnifica-humanitas/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-22},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

@article{infobae2026silicon,
  title        = {Por qué la primera encíclica del papa León XIV sobre inteligencia artificial encendió las alarmas en Silicon Valley},
  year         = {2026},
  journaltitle = {Infobae},
  url          = {https://www.infobae.com/estados-unidos/2026/05/31/por-que-la-primera-enciclica-del-papa-leon-xiv-sobre-inteligencia-artificial-encendio-las-alarmas-en-silicon-valley/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-22},
  note         = {31 de mayo de 2026},
  langid       = {spanish},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace | PENDIENTE-sin-autor},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.3. Conocer a través de otros},
}

% --- Fase 4 · cap. 1 §1.8: manual de referencia Cochrane ------------------

@manual{cochrane2026handbook,
  editor       = {Higgins, Julian P. T. and Thomas, James and Chandler, Jacqueline and Cumpston, Miranda and Li, Tianjing and Page, Matthew J. and Welch, Vivian A.},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions},
  organization = {Cochrane},
  note         = {Versión vigente, actualizada de forma continua. Consultada el 23 de agosto de 2026},
  url          = {https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {english},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1.8. El desarrollo de la medicina científica},
}

@article{cinelli2021echo,
  author       = {Cinelli, Matteo and De Francisci Morales, Gianmarco and Galeazzi, Alessandro and Quattrociocchi, Walter and Starnini, Michele},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {The echo chamber effect on social media},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {118},
  number       = {9},
  pages        = {e2023301118},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2023301118},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023301118},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{kennedy2012ionic,
  author       = {Kennedy, Deborah A. and Cooley, Kieran and Einarson, Thomas R. and Seely, Dugald},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {Objective assessment of an ionic footbath (IonCleanse): testing its ability to remove potentially toxic elements from the body},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Environmental and Public Health},
  volume       = {2012},
  pages        = {258968},
  doi          = {10.1155/2012/258968},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/258968},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{enayati2007electronic,
  author       = {Enayati, Ahmadali and Hemingway, Janet and Garner, Paul},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {Electronic mosquito repellents for preventing mosquito bites and malaria infection},
  journaltitle = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
  doi          = {10.1002/14651858.CD005434.pub2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005434.pub2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{garzon2022injusticia,
  author       = {Garzón Rodríguez, Carlos and Acosta, Diana},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Injusticia epistémica. Una nueva epistemología para una antigua injusticia},
  journaltitle = {Estudios de Filosofía},
  number       = {66},
  doi          = {10.17533/udea.ef.349967},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ef.349967},
  publisher    = {Universidad de Antioquia},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Presentación del número monográfico 66 sobre injusticias epistémicas},
}

@article{jasanoff2021ballot,
  author       = {Jasanoff, Sheila and Hilgartner, Stephen and Hurlbut, J. Benjamin},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Was 'science' on the ballot?},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {371},
  number       = {6532},
  pages        = {893--894},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.abf8762},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf8762},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Sustituye a una referencia no localizable: «The crisis of science advising», Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 77(2), 67-76, que no consta en Crossref ni en el sumario de la revista},
}

@article{latour2004critique,
  author       = {Latour, Bruno},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {Why has critique run out of steam? From matters of fact to matters of concern},
  journaltitle = {Critical Inquiry},
  volume       = {30},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {225--248},
  doi          = {10.1086/421123},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1086/421123},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. Epistemología de préstamo y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{hicks2015leiden,
  author       = {Hicks, Diana and Wouters, Paul and Waltman, Ludo and de Rijcke, Sarah and Rafols, Ismael},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Bibliometrics: The Leiden Manifesto for research metrics},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {520},
  number       = {7548},
  pages        = {429--431},
  doi          = {10.1038/520429a},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/520429a},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. Epistemología de préstamo y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{lave2010neoliberal,
  author       = {Lave, Rebecca and Mirowski, Philip and Randalls, Samuel},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Introduction: STS and neoliberal science},
  journaltitle = {Social Studies of Science},
  volume       = {40},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {659--675},
  doi          = {10.1177/0306312710378549},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312710378549},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. Epistemología de préstamo y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{mirowski2011sciencemart,
  author       = {Mirowski, Philip},
  year         = {2011},
  title        = {Science-Mart: Privatizing American Science},
  publisher    = {Harvard University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge, MA},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. Epistemología de préstamo y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{muller2018tyranny,
  author       = {Muller, Jerry Z.},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {The Tyranny of Metrics},
  publisher    = {Princeton University Press},
  location     = {Princeton, NJ},
  isbn         = {9780691174952},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. Epistemología de préstamo y concepción mercantil del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{xiong2016hyperbaric,
  author       = {Xiong, Tao and Chen, Hongju and Luo, Rong and Mu, Dezhi},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)},
  journaltitle = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
  doi          = {10.1002/14651858.CD010922.pub2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010922.pub2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@report{sanidad2026homeopatia,
  author       = {{Ministerio de Sanidad}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Homeopatía y productos homeopáticos: evaluación de las evidencias acerca de su eficacia y seguridad},
  institution  = {Ministerio de Sanidad, Gobierno de España},
  location     = {Madrid},
  url          = {https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=6893},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Revisión de 64 revisiones sistemáticas publicadas desde 2009. Nota de prensa de 21 de abril de 2026},
}

@online{fdaozono,
  author       = {{U.S. Food and Drug Administration}},
  title        = {Maximum acceptable level of ozone (21 CFR 801.415)},
  organization = {Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Chapter I, Subchapter H, Part 801},
  url          = {https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-801/subpart-H/section-801.415},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Apartado (a): «Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific, adjunctive, or preventive therapy».},
}

@article{hansson2017denial,
  author       = {Hansson, Sven Ove},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Science denial as a form of pseudoscience},
  journaltitle = {Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A},
  volume       = {63},
  pages        = {39--47},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.05.002},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.05.002},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{Hansson2020SocialCon,
  author  = {Hansson, Sven Ove},
  title   = {Social Constructionism and Climate Science Denial},
  journal = {European Journal for Philosophy of Science},
  year    = {2020},
  volume  = {10},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {37},
  doi     = {10.1007/s13194-020-00305-w},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-020-00305-w}
}

@article{Code2013Doubt,
  author  = {Code, Lorraine},
  title   = {Doubt and Denial: Epistemic Responsibility Meets Climate Change Scepticism},
  journal = {O{\~n}ati Socio-Legal Series},
  year    = {2013},
  volume  = {3},
  number  = {5},
  pages   = {838--853},
  url     = {https://opo.iisj.net/index.php/osls/article/view/252}
}

@article{Mendy2024Counter,
  author  = {Mendy, Laila and Karlsson, Mikael and Lindvall, Daniel},
  title   = {Counteracting Climate Denial: A Systematic Review},
  journal = {Public Understanding of Science},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {33},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {504--520},
  doi     = {10.1177/09636625231223425},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625231223425}
}

@article{proctor2012history,
  author       = {Proctor, Robert N.},
  year         = {2012},
  title        = {The history of the discovery of the cigarette-lung cancer link: evidentiary traditions, corporate denial, global toll},
  journaltitle = {Tobacco Control},
  volume       = {21},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {87--91},
  doi          = {10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050338},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050338},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Crossref devuelve el título con el sufijo «: Table 1», artefacto del depósito del editor; retirado},
}

@book{proctor2008agnotology,
  editor       = {Proctor, Robert N. and Schiebinger, Londa},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {Agnotology: The Making and Unmaking of Ignorance},
  publisher    = {Stanford University Press},
  location     = {Stanford, CA},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{boghossian2006fear,
  author       = {Boghossian, Paul},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {Fear of Knowledge: Against Relativism and Constructivism},
  publisher    = {Clarendon Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.4. El uso tóxico de la epistemología},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{miller2013consensus,
  author       = {Miller, Boaz},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {When is consensus knowledge based? Distinguishing shared knowledge from mere agreement},
  journaltitle = {Synthese},
  volume       = {190},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {1293--1316},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11229-012-0225-5},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-012-0225-5},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.2. La ciencia como actividad institucionalizada orientada al consenso},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{pielke2007honest,
  author       = {Pielke, Roger A.},
  year         = {2007},
  title        = {The Honest Broker: Making Sense of Science in Policy and Politics},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  doi          = {10.1017/CBO9780511818110},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511818110},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. Gestión política de resultados controvertidos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@book{douglas2009valuefree,
  author       = {Douglas, Heather E.},
  year         = {2009},
  title        = {Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal},
  publisher    = {University of Pittsburgh Press},
  location     = {Pittsburgh},
  isbn         = {9780822960263},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.3. Gestión política de resultados controvertidos},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{wilkinson2016fair,
  author       = {Wilkinson, Mark D. and Dumontier, Michel and Aalbersberg, IJsbrand Jan and Appleton, Gabrielle and Axton, Myles and others},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship},
  journaltitle = {Scientific Data},
  volume       = {3},
  pages        = {160018},
  doi          = {10.1038/sdata.2016.18},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{nosek2018preregistration,
  author       = {Nosek, Brian A. and Ebersole, Charles R. and DeHaven, Alexander C. and Mellor, David T.},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {The preregistration revolution},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {115},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {2600--2606},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1708274114},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708274114},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{munafo2017manifesto,
  author       = {Munafò, Marcus R. and Nosek, Brian A. and Bishop, Dorothy V. M. and Button, Katherine S. and Chambers, Christopher D. and Percie du Sert, Nathalie and others},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {A manifesto for reproducible science},
  journaltitle = {Nature Human Behaviour},
  volume       = {1},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {0021},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41562-016-0021},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0021},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{goldacre2019compare,
  author       = {Goldacre, Ben and Drysdale, Henry and Dale, Aaron and Milosevic, Ioan and Slade, Eirion and Hartley, Philip and Marston, Cicely and Powell-Smith, Anna and Heneghan, Carl and Mahtani, Kamal R.},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {COMPare: a prospective cohort study correcting and monitoring 58 misreported trials in real time},
  journaltitle = {Trials},
  volume       = {20},
  pages        = {118},
  doi          = {10.1186/s13063-019-3173-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3173-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@inproceedings{mitchell2019modelcards,
  author       = {Mitchell, Margaret and Wu, Simone and Zaldivar, Andrew and Barnes, Parker and Vasserman, Lucy and Hutchinson, Ben and Spitzer, Elena and Raji, Inioluwa Deborah and Gebru, Timnit},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Model cards for model reporting},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency},
  pages        = {220--229},
  doi          = {10.1145/3287560.3287596},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287596},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{gebru2021datasheets,
  author       = {Gebru, Timnit and Morgenstern, Jamie and Vecchione, Briana and Vaughan, Jennifer Wortman and Wallach, Hanna and Daumé III, Hal and Crawford, Kate},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Datasheets for datasets},
  journaltitle = {Communications of the ACM},
  volume       = {64},
  number       = {12},
  pages        = {86--92},
  doi          = {10.1145/3458723},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3458723},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{ue2024ia,
  author       = {{Unión Europea}},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Reglamento (UE) 2024/1689 por el que se establecen normas armonizadas en materia de inteligencia artificial},
  organization = {Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea},
  url          = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=OJ:L_202401689},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Las obligaciones para modelos de IA de uso general, entre ellas el resumen público del contenido de entrenamiento, se aplican desde el 2 de agosto de 2025},
}

@online{ema2022ctis,
  author       = {{Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios}},
  title        = {Información sobre CTIS y el Reglamento de ensayos clínicos (UE) 536/2014},
  organization = {AEMPS},
  url          = {https://www.aemps.gob.es/medicamentos-de-uso-humano/investigacion_medicamentos/ensayosclinicos/informacion-sobre-ctis-y-reglamento-de-ensayos-clinicos-ue-536-2014/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {El Reglamento se aplica desde el 31-01-2022; CTIS es punto único de entrada desde el 31-01-2023 y el periodo transitorio desde EudraCT se cerró el 31-01-2025},
}

@online{hf2026estado,
  author       = {{Hugging Face}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {State of open source on Hugging Face: Spring 2026},
  url          = {https://huggingface.co/blog/huggingface/state-of-os-hf-spring-2026},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Informe de 17-03-2026: más de 2 millones de modelos públicos, más de 500.000 conjuntos de datos y 13 millones de usuarios registrados},
}

@online{effis2026espana,
  author       = {{European Forest Fire Information System}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS): estadísticas de superficie quemada},
  organization = {Copernicus Emergency Management Service, Comisión Europea},
  url          = {https://forest-fire.emergency.copernicus.eu/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Datos provisionales a 23-08-2026: 297.633 ha quemadas en España en 2026, 247.132 de ellas entre julio y agosto, con 42 grandes incendios; 393.079 ha en 2025. EFFIS estima por satélite a partir de 30 ha, umbral distinto del que emplea el balance oficial del MITECO},
}

@online{infobae2026bomberos,
  author       = {{Infobae España}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Los bomberos forestales alertan de un verano de alto riesgo de incendios por la falta de prevención: «Nos estamos jugando otra tragedia»},
  url          = {https://www.infobae.com/espana/2026/06/23/los-bomberos-forestales-alertan-de-un-verano-de-alto-riesgo-de-incendios-por-la-falta-de-prevencion-nos-estamos-jugando-otra-tragedia/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Publicado el 23-06-2026, semanas antes de los grandes incendios del verano. Recoge las carencias denunciadas por CCOO: menos del 44 por ciento de los recursos operativos a principios de junio, retenes incompletos, contratos de seis meses, jornadas de hasta 18 horas y disparidad de criterios entre comunidades autónomas},
}

@online{espino2026gallardos,
  author    = {Espino, Rafael},
  title     = {Todas las víctimas del incendio de Los Gallardos ya han sido identificadas},
  journal   = {Diario de Almería},
  date      = {2026-07-14},
  url       = {https://www.diariodealmeria.es/almeria/victimas-incendio-gallardos-han-sido_0_2007448140.html},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2.1. Asimetría en la evolución del consenso científico y el debate social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace | VERIFICADO-balance-final},
  note         = {Incendio iniciado el 10-07-2026. La cobertura del 14 de julio da 13 fallecidos},
}

@online{copernicus2026global,
  author       = {{Copernicus Climate Change Service}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Global Climate Highlights 2025: 2025 fue el tercer año más cálido registrado},
  organization = {ECMWF, Servicio de Cambio Climático de Copernicus},
  url          = {https://climate.copernicus.eu/copernicus-2025-was-third-hottest-year-record},
  urldate      = {2026-08-24},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Publicado el 14-01-2026. 2025: 1,47 °C sobre el nivel preindustrial, tercer año más cálido tras 2024 y 2023; primera vez que la media de tres años consecutivos supera 1,5 °C; los once últimos años son los once más cálidos del registro},
}

@online{scripps2026co2,
  author       = {{Scripps Institution of Oceanography}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Annual carbon dioxide peak reaches 432 parts per million},
  organization = {UC San Diego},
  url          = {https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/annual-carbon-dioxide-peak-reaches-432-parts-million},
  urldate      = {2026-08-24},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Pico de mayo de 2026: 432,00 ppm segun Scripps y 432,3 ppm segun NOAA, 1,8 ppm por encima del pico de 2025},
}

@article{hamlington2024sealevel,
  author       = {Hamlington, B. D. and Bellas-Manley, A. and Willis, J. K. and Fournier, S. and Vinogradova, N. and Nerem, R. S. and Piecuch, C. G. and Thompson, P. R. and Kopp, R.},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The rate of global sea level rise doubled during the past three decades},
  journaltitle = {Communications Earth \& Environment},
  volume       = {5},
  pages        = {601},
  doi          = {10.1038/s43247-024-01761-5},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01761-5},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{nasa2026nivelmar,
  author       = {{NASA}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {NASA analysis shows La Niña limited sea level rise in 2025},
  organization = {Jet Propulsion Laboratory},
  url          = {https://www.nasa.gov/earth/nasa-analysis-shows-la-nina-limited-sea-level-rise-in-2025/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-24},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {La subida de 2025 fue de solo 0,08 cm por efecto de La Niña, frente a 0,58 cm en 2024; desde 1993 el nivel medio ha subido unos 10 cm y la tasa anual se ha más que duplicado},
}

@article{williams2025calculations,
  author       = {Williams, C. Rosie and Thodoroff, Pierre and Arthern, Robert J. and others},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Calculations of extreme sea level rise scenarios are strongly dependent on ice sheet model resolution},
  journaltitle = {Communications Earth \& Environment},
  volume       = {6},
  pages        = {60},
  doi          = {10.1038/s43247-025-02010-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02010-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note = {Advertencia: las resoluciones gruesas proyectan un rango más amplio de contribución al nivel del mar que las finas, de modo que exageran los peores escenarios. Los autores desaconsejan usar simulaciones con resolución de 5 km o más para proyecciones de alto impacto.},
}

@report{sweet2022global,
  author       = {Sweet, William V. and others},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States: Updated Mean Projections and Extreme Water Level Probabilities Along U.S. Coastlines},
  institution  = {National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration},
  type         = {NOAA Technical Report NOS 01},
  location     = {Silver Spring, MD},
  url          = {https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/hazards/sealevelrise/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Esfuerzo interagencias. Proyecta para la costa estadounidense un ascenso de 25 a 30 cm entre 2020 y 2050, tanto como el acumulado en los cien años anteriores.},
}

@online{carbonbrief2026atribucion,
  author       = {{Carbon Brief}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Mapped: How climate change affects extreme weather around the world},
  url          = {https://interactive.carbonbrief.org/attribution-studies/index.html},
  urldate      = {2026-08-24},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.4. El problema de la falsación en dominios interdisciplinares complejos},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Base de datos actualizada el 19-03-2026: más de 900 estudios de atribución sobre cerca de 1.000 episodios; el 77 por ciento resultó más probable o más severo por el cambio climático de origen humano y en el 85 por ciento se identificó influencia humana},
}

@article{winsberg2021robustness,
  author       = {Winsberg, Eric},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {What does robustness teach us in climate science: a re-appraisal},
  journaltitle = {Synthese},
  volume       = {198},
  number       = {S21},
  pages        = {5099--5122},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11229-018-01997-7},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-018-01997-7},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Publicado en línea el 29-11-2018 y en número en octubre de 2021; de ahí el desajuste entre el DOI, que lleva 2018, y el año de cita.},
}

@article{gluck2023robustness,
  author       = {Gluck, Stuart},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Robustness of climate models},
  journaltitle = {Philosophy of Science},
  volume       = {90},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {1407--1416},
  doi          = {10.1017/psa.2023.62},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/psa.2023.62},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.5. Dificultades para acotar los dominios disciplinares concernidos en los intentos de falsación de la ciencia climática},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@online{globalwitness2025cop30,
  author       = {{Global Witness} and {Kick Big Polluters Out}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Fossil fuel lobbyists flood COP30 climate talks in Brazil, with largest ever attendance share},
  url          = {https://globalwitness.org/en/press-releases/fossil-fuel-lobbyists-flood-cop30-climate-talks-in-brazil-with-largest-ever-attendance-share/},
  urldate      = {2026-08-24},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.3. La coordinación entre las ciencias e instituciones que estudian el clima},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace},
  note         = {Publicado el 14-11-2025. Recuento sobre la lista provisional de participantes de la CMNUCC de 10-11-2025: 1.602 cabilderos acreditados, uno de cada 25 asistentes, más que cualquier delegación nacional salvo la de Brasil, y dos tercios más que los diez países más vulnerables juntos.},
}

@article{mccright2010antireflexivity,
  author       = {McCright, Aaron M. and Dunlap, Riley E.},
  year         = {2010},
  title        = {Anti-reflexivity: The American Conservative Movement's Success in Undermining Climate Science and Policy},
  journaltitle = {Theory, Culture \& Society},
  volume       = {27},
  number       = {2-3},
  pages        = {100--133},
  doi          = {10.1177/0263276409356001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276409356001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-27: datos de publicación y contenido sobre la interferencia federal (Cooney, EPA, NOAA, informe del inspector general de la NASA sobre Hansen) cotejados en el texto completo},
}

@misc{eeuu2025eo14162,
  author       = {{Presidencia de los Estados Unidos}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Executive Order 14162: Putting America First in International Environmental Agreements},
  howpublished = {Orden ejecutiva firmada el 20 de enero de 2025},
  url          = {https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-202500129/html/DCPD-202500129.htm},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 4.1. Infraestructura, financiación y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-enlace-2026-08-27: fecha de la firma y objeto de la orden. La retirada surte efecto un año después de la notificación, conforme al plazo del propio Acuerdo de París},
}

@article{brulle2014institutionalizing,
  author       = {Brulle, Robert J.},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Institutionalizing delay: foundation funding and the creation of U.S. climate change counter-movement organizations},
  journaltitle = {Climatic Change},
  volume       = {122},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {681--694},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10584-013-1018-7},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1018-7},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{supran2023exxon,
  author       = {Supran, Geoffrey and Rahmstorf, Stefan and Oreskes, Naomi},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Assessing ExxonMobil's global warming projections},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {379},
  number       = {6628},
  pages        = {eabk0063},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.abk0063},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abk0063},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Las proyecciones internas de la compañía entre 1977 y 2003 fueron acertadas y tan competentes como las académicas, mientras su comunicación pública las contradecía.},
}

@article{Dembicki2025Exx,
  author    = {Dembicki, Geoff},
  title     = {Exxon funded thinktanks to spread climate denial in Latin America, documents reveal},
  journal   = {The Guardian},
  year      = {2025},
  month     = nov,
  day       = {3},
  url       = {https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/nov/03/exxon-funded-thinktanks-to-spread-climate-denial-in-latin-america-documents-reveal},
  note      = {Texas-based fossil fuel company financed Atlas Network in attempt to derail UN-led climate treaty process}
}

@article{Noor2024Big,
  author    = {Noor, Dharna},
  title     = {Big oil privately acknowledged efforts to downplay climate crisis, joint committee investigation finds},
  journal   = {The Guardian},
  year      = {2024},
  month     = apr,
  day       = {30},
  url       = {https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/apr/30/big-oil-climate-crisis-us-senate-report},
  note      = {Joint committee investigation reveals internal documents showing coordinated efforts to mislead the public}
}

@article{WalkerCrawford2024Acc,
  author  = {Walker-Crawford, Noah},
  title   = {Save the Climate but Don't Blame Us: Corporate Arguments in Climate Litigation},
  journal = {Transnational Environmental Law},
  volume  = {15},
  number  = {1},
  pages   = {142--169},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1017/S2047102525100186}
}

@article{lamb2020delay,
  author       = {Lamb, William F. and Mattioli, Giulio and Levi, Sebastian and Roberts, J. Timmons and Capstick, Stuart and Creutzig, Felix and others},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Discourses of climate delay},
  journaltitle = {Global Sustainability},
  volume       = {3},
  pages        = {e17},
  doi          = {10.1017/sus.2020.13},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2020.13},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.1. Escepticismo: posición filosófica *vs* duda acerca del consenso sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
}

@article{brysse2013erring,
  author       = {Brysse, Keynyn and Oreskes, Naomi and O'Reilly, Jessica and Oppenheimer, Michael},
  year         = {2013},
  title        = {Climate change prediction: erring on the side of least drama?},
  journaltitle = {Global Environmental Change},
  volume       = {23},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {327--337},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.10.008},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.10.008},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 3.2. La credibilidad de los expertos en el debate sobre el cambio climático},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref},
  note         = {Documenta subestimacion sistematica de la gravedad en nivel del mar, hielo ártico e intensidad de huracanes},
}

@InCollection{sep-climate-science,
	author       =	{Parker, Wendy},
	title        =	{{Climate Science}},
	booktitle    =	{The {Stanford} Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
	editor       =	{Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman},
	howpublished =	{\url{https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2026/entries/climate-science/}},
	year         =	{2026},
	edition      =	{{S}pring 2026},
	publisher    =	{Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University}
}

@article{DoringKrampe2026From,
  author  = {D{\"o}ring, Stefan and Krampe, Florian},
  title   = {From knowledge to action: Forging a more effective science-policy interface for water and climate security},
  journal = {Environmental Development},
  year    = {2026},
  volume  = {59},
  pages   = {101494},
  month   = jun,
  doi     = {10.1016/j.envdev.2026.101494},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2026.101494}
}

@article{KallergiLandeweerd2025,
  author    = {Kallergi, A. and Landeweerd, L.},
  title     = {Science, Activism, and Climate Action: Navigating Credibility, Responsibility, and Engagement},
  journal   = {Journal of Academic Ethics},
  year      = {2025},
  volume    = {23},
  pages     = {1759--1779},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10805-025-09626-y},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-025-09626-y}
}

@article{Shrivastava2023,
  author    = {Shrivastava, Paul and Kasuga, Fumiko and Grant, John},
  title     = {From Climate Science to Climate Action},
  journal   = {Global Sustainability},
  year      = {2023},
  volume    = {6},
  pages     = {e21},
  doi       = {10.1017/sus.2023.19},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2023.19}
}

@online{Salas2016ElPais,
  author       = {Salas, Javier},
  title        = {Una revisión invalida miles de estudios del cerebro: Un fallo informático y malas prácticas generalizadas ponen en entredicho 15 años de investigaciones},
  year         = {2016},
  month        = jul,
  day          = {29},
  journal      = {El País},
  url          = {https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/07/26/ciencia/1469532340_615895.html},
  note         = {Accedido: 2026-08-27},
  language     = {es}
}

@article{Watanabe2015_Glybera,
  author    = {Watanabe, Natsumi and Yano, Kazuo and Tsuyuki, Kenichiro and Okano, Teruo and Yamato, Masayuki},
  title     = {Re-Examination of Regulatory Opinions in Europe: Possible Contribution for the Approval of the First Gene Therapy Product Glybera},
  journal   = {Molecular Therapy - Methods \& Clinical Development},
  year      = {2015},
  volume    = {2},
  pages     = {14066},
  doi       = {10.1038/mtm.2014.66},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1038/mtm.2014.66}
}

@article{suskind2004faith,
  author       = {Suskind, Ron},
  year         = {2004},
  month        = oct,
  day          = {17},
  title        = {Faith, Certainty and the Presidency of George W. Bush},
  journaltitle = {The New York Times Magazine},
  url          = {https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/17/magazine/faith-certainty-and-the-presidency-of-george-w-bush.html},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion},
}

@report{bush1945endless,
  author       = {Bush, Vannevar},
  year         = {1945},
  title        = {Science, The Endless Frontier: A Report to the President on a Program for Postwar Scientific Research},
  institution  = {United States Government Printing Office},
  location     = {Washington, DC},
  url          = {https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/vbush1945.htm},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion},
}

@book{stokes1997pasteur,
  author       = {Stokes, Donald E.},
  year         = {1997},
  title        = {Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation},
  publisher    = {Brookings Institution Press},
  location     = {Washington, DC},
  isbn         = {9780815781776},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion},
}

@article{sarewitz2004science,
  author       = {Sarewitz, Daniel},
  year         = {2004},
  title        = {How Science Makes Environmental Controversies Worse},
  journaltitle = {Environmental Science \& Policy},
  volume       = {7},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {385--403},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.envsci.2004.06.001},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2004.06.001},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@book{jasanoff1990fifth,
  author       = {Jasanoff, Sheila},
  year         = {1990},
  title        = {The Fifth Branch: Science Advisers as Policymakers},
  publisher    = {Harvard University Press},
  location     = {Cambridge, MA},
  isbn         = {9780674300620},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion},
}

@article{portier2016differences,
  author       = {Portier, Christopher J. and Armstrong, Bruce K. and Baguley, Bruce C. and others},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Differences in the Carcinogenic Evaluation of Glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health},
  volume       = {70},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {741--745},
  doi          = {10.1136/jech-2015-207005},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2015-207005},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.6. Fomento de la investigacion: reality-based community frente a grupos de presion},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion-doi},
}

@article{barraclough2013myriad,
  author       = {Barraclough, Emma},
  year         = {2013},
  month        = aug,
  title        = {Repercusiones del caso Myriad para la biotecnologia},
  journaltitle = {Revista de la OMPI},
  number       = {4},
  url          = {https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/es/2013/04/article_0007.html},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.3. Sistema de patentes y criterios de patentabilidad},
  verificacion = {PENDIENTE-verificacion},
}

@incollection{benson2019copyright,
  author       = {Benson, Sara R. and Stitzlein, Hannah},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Copyright and Digital Collections: A Data-Driven Roadmap for Rights Statement Success},
  booktitle    = {ACRL 2019 Proceedings},
  publisher    = {Association of College and Research Libraries},
  location     = {Chicago},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (Benson y Stitzlein, The Information Society 38(1), 2022)},
}

@article{bodo2018blockchain,
  author       = {Bod{\'o}, Bal{\'a}zs and Gervais, Daniel and Quintais, Jo{\~a}o Pedro},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {Blockchain and Smart Contracts: The Missing Link in Copyright Licensing?},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Law and Information Technology},
  volume       = {26},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {311--336},
  doi          = {10.1093/ijlit/eay014},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eay014},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (De Beer, QMJIP 9(3), 2019)},
}

@article{jongsma2017parody,
  author       = {Jongsma, Dani{\"e}l},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Parody After Deckmyn: A Comparative Overview of the Approach to Parody Under Copyright Law in Belgium, France, Germany and The Netherlands},
  journaltitle = {IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law},
  volume       = {48},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {652--682},
  doi          = {10.1007/s40319-017-0619-5},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-017-0619-5},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (Gibson, IPQ 1, 2022)},
}

@incollection{kretschmer2015copyright,
  author       = {Kretschmer, Martin},
  editor       = {Jones, Candace and Lorenzen, Mark and Sapsed, Jonathan},
  year         = {2015},
  title        = {Copyright and Its Discontents},
  booktitle    = {The Oxford Handbook of Creative Industries},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  doi          = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199603510.013.016},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199603510.013.016},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.1. El modelo tradicional de derechos de autor y propiedad intelectual},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | el capitulo lo firma solo Kretschmer, no los cuatro editores},
}

@article{penfield2014assessment,
  author       = {Penfield, Teresa and Baker, Matthew J. and Scoble, Rosa and Wykes, Molly J.},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Assessment, Evaluations, and Definitions of Research Impact: A Review},
  journaltitle = {Research Evaluation},
  volume       = {23},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {21--32},
  doi          = {10.1093/reseval/rvt021},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvt021},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Qui{\'e}n se beneficia de los resultados de investigaci{\'o}n},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (Khodyakov, Research Policy 46(2), 2017)},
}

@article{langhamputrow2021open,
  author       = {Langham-Putrow, Allison and Bakker, Caitlin and Riegelman, Amy},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Is the Open Access Citation Advantage Real? A Systematic Review of the Citation of Open Access and Subscription-Based Articles},
  journaltitle = {PLOS ONE},
  volume       = {16},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {e0253129},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0253129},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253129},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.4. El modelo *open-access* y las licencias *creative-commons*},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (Hrynaszkiewicz et al., PLoS One 15(8), 2020)},
}

@article{gilbert2006context,
  author       = {Gilbert, John K.},
  year         = {2006},
  title        = {On the Nature of "Context" in Chemical Education},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Science Education},
  volume       = {28},
  number       = {9},
  pages        = {957--976},
  doi          = {10.1080/09500690600702470},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690600702470},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.7. Estudios de alfabetizacion cientifica y percepcion publica de la ciencia},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | sustituye a una referencia inexistente (Stocklmayer, Gilbert y Treagust, IJSE 42(1), 2020)},
}

@article{becker2023spillovers,
  author       = {Becker, Bettina and Roper, Stephen and Vanino, Enrico},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Assessing Innovation Spillovers from Publicly Funded {R\&D} and Innovation Support: Evidence from the {UK}},
  journaltitle = {Technovation},
  volume       = {128},
  pages        = {102860},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.technovation.2023.102860},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2023.102860},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31},
}

@article{cao2025impact,
  author       = {Cao, Zhe and Zhang, Lin and Wang, Zelin and Li, Chen and Sivertsen, Gunnar},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {How Does Scientific Research Generate Impact Beyond Academia? Cross-Disciplinary Comparison Based on {REF} Impact Cases},
  journaltitle = {Humanities and Social Sciences Communications},
  volume       = {12},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {1856},
  doi          = {10.1057/s41599-025-06129-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06129-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31},
}

@report{fieldhouse2025returns,
  author       = {Fieldhouse, Andrew J. and Mertens, Karel},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The Social Returns to Public {R\&D}},
  type         = {NBER Working Paper},
  number       = {33780},
  institution  = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
  location     = {Cambridge, MA},
  doi          = {10.3386/w33780},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3386/w33780},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31 | publicado despues como capitulo en Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, vol. 5},
}

@article{lalani2023public,
  author       = {Lalani, Hussain S. and Nagar, Sarosh and Sarpatwari, Ameet and Avorn, Jerry and Engelberg, Alfred and Chaves, Alexander and Kesselheim, Aaron S.},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {{US} Public Investment in Development of {mRNA} Covid-19 Vaccines: Retrospective Cohort Study},
  journaltitle = {BMJ},
  volume       = {380},
  pages        = {e073747},
  doi          = {10.1136/bmj-2022-073747},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-073747},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31},
}

@article{roncancio2024tto,
  author       = {Roncancio-Marin, Jason and Guerrero, Maribel},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {University Technology Transfer Offices' Capabilities in Responding to Societal Challenges: Lessons from an Exploratory Study during the {COVID-19} Pandemic},
  journaltitle = {The Journal of Technology Transfer},
  volume       = {49},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {2135--2158},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10961-024-10120-7},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10120-7},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31},
}

@article{rushforth2026coara,
  author       = {Rushforth, Alexander and Gogadze, Nino and Skhirtladze, Tornike and P{\"o}l{\"o}nen, Janne},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Advancing Open Science through Research Assessment Reform? Content Analysis of {CoARA} Action Plans},
  journaltitle = {Scientometrics},
  volume       = {131},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {3897--3918},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11192-026-05650-w},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-026-05650-w},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31},
}

@article{kariko2005suppression,
  author       = {Karik{\'o}, Katalin and Buckstein, Michael and Ni, Houping and Weissman, Drew},
  year         = {2005},
  title        = {Suppression of {RNA} Recognition by {Toll}-like Receptors: The Impact of Nucleoside Modification and the Evolutionary Origin of {RNA}},
  journaltitle = {Immunity},
  volume       = {23},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {165--175},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.immuni.2005.06.008},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2005.06.008},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-08-31 | PMID 16111635 | Nobel de Medicina 2023 a Kariko y Weissman por este hallazgo},
}

@article{wrapp2020cryo,
  author       = {Wrapp, Daniel and Wang, Nianshuang and Corbett, Kizzmekia S. and Goldsmith, Jory A. and Hsieh, Ching-Lin and Abiona, Olubukola and Graham, Barney S. and McLellan, Jason S.},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Cryo-{EM} Structure of the 2019-{nCoV} Spike in the Prefusion Conformation},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {367},
  number       = {6483},
  pages        = {1260--1263},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.abb2507},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb2507},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-08-31 | afiliaciones del Vaccine Research Center, NIAID/NIH, confirmadas en el propio articulo},
}

@article{dani2025defence,
  author       = {Dani, Marco and Men{\'e}ndez, Agust{\'i}n Jos{\'e}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The {EU}'s (Not So) Cheap Talk on Defence},
  journaltitle = {European Law Open},
  note         = {Editorial},
  doi          = {10.1017/elo.2025.10041},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/elo.2025.10041},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | analiza Readiness 2030 y SAFE y el recurso al art. 122 TFUE},
}

@report{eda2026defencedata,
  author       = {{Agencia Europea de Defensa}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Defence Data 2025-2026},
  institution  = {European Defence Agency},
  location     = {Bruselas},
  url          = {https://eda.europa.eu},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | publicado el 16 de julio de 2026; I+D de defensa de los Estados miembros: 17.000 M EUR en 2025, 20.000 M EUR previstos en 2026},
}

@report{gobiernoespana2025plandefensa,
  author       = {{Gobierno de Espa\~na}},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = apr,
  title        = {Plan Industrial y Tecnol{\'o}gico para la Seguridad y la Defensa},
  institution  = {Consejo de Ministros},
  location     = {Madrid},
  url          = {https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/consejodeministros/resumenes/Documents/2025/230425-plan-industrial-y-tecnologico-para-la-seguridad-y-la-defensa.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-primaria-2026-09-01 | acuerdo del Consejo de Ministros de 22 de abril de 2025; 10.471 M EUR de inversion adicional},
}

@online{greenacre2025dualuse,
  author       = {Greenacre, Martin},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = jul,
  day          = {17},
  title        = {{\textquotedblleft}Horizon Europe Will Be Dual Use by Default{\textquotedblright}, Zaharieva Says},
  organization = {Science{\textbar}Business},
  url          = {https://sciencebusiness.net/news/dual-use/horizon-europe-will-be-dual-use-default-zaharieva-says},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{nature2025horizon,
  author       = {{Nature}},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = oct,
  day          = {7},
  title        = {The {EU}'s Horizon Research Fund Needs to Stay a Defence-Free Zone},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  note         = {Editorial},
  doi          = {10.1038/d41586-025-03221-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-03221-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-doi-2026-09-01},
}

@report{sipri2026milex,
  author       = {{SIPRI}},
  year         = {2026},
  month        = apr,
  title        = {Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2025},
  type         = {SIPRI Fact Sheet},
  institution  = {Stockholm International Peace Research Institute},
  location     = {Estocolmo},
  url          = {https://www.sipri.org/publications/2026/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-world-military-expenditure-2025},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 5.2. Quien se beneficia de los resultados de investigacion},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | publicado el 27 de abril de 2026; Europa 864.000 M USD, +14 por ciento interanual},
}

@article{akerlof1970market,
  author       = {Akerlof, George A.},
  year         = {1970},
  title        = {The Market for {\textquotedblleft}Lemons{\textquotedblright}: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism},
  journaltitle = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
  volume       = {84},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {488--500},
  doi          = {10.2307/1879431},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2307/1879431},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{gonzalezdelatorre2026attention,
  author       = {Gonz{\'a}lez de la Torre, Pablo and P{\'e}rez-Verdugo, Marta and Barandiaran, Xabier E.},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Attention Is All They Need: Cognitive Science and the (Techno)political Economy of Attention in Humans and Machines},
  journaltitle = {AI \& Society},
  volume       = {41},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {5--21},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00146-025-02400-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02400-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{sytnik2024foresight,
  author       = {Sytnik, Veronica M. and Proskuryakova, Liliana N.},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Expanding Foresight Methodology to Better Understand the Unknown Future and Identify Hard-to-Predict Events},
  journaltitle = {European Journal of Futures Research},
  volume       = {12},
  pages        = {21},
  doi          = {10.1186/s40309-024-00244-2},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40309-024-00244-2},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{hadjisotiriou2023deep,
  author       = {Hadjisotiriou, Sophie and Marchau, Vincent and Walker, Warren and Olde Rikkert, Marcel},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Decision Making under Deep Uncertainty for Pandemic Policy Planning},
  journaltitle = {Health Policy},
  volume       = {133},
  pages        = {104831},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104831},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104831},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{crawford2022covid,
  author       = {Crawford, Megan M. and Wright, George},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {The Value of Mass-Produced {COVID-19} Scenarios: A Quality Evaluation of Development Processes and Scenario Content},
  journaltitle = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},
  volume       = {183},
  pages        = {121937},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121937},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121937},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{konigs2024defense,
  author       = {K{\"o}nigs, Peter},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {In Defense of {\textquotedblleft}Surveillance Capitalism{\textquotedblright}},
  journaltitle = {Philosophy \& Technology},
  volume       = {37},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {122},
  doi          = {10.1007/s13347-024-00804-1},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-024-00804-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.1. Economia de la informacion y prospectiva historico-social},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{winner1980artifacts,
  author       = {Winner, Langdon},
  year         = {1980},
  title        = {Do Artifacts Have Politics?},
  journaltitle = {Daedalus},
  volume       = {109},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {121--136},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Politica en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{silvast2026politics,
  author       = {Silvast, Antti and Williams, Robin},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {The Politics of Artifacts Revisited: Information Infrastructures, Power, and Governance},
  journaltitle = {Sociology Compass},
  volume       = {20},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {e70234},
  doi          = {10.1111/soc4.70234},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.70234},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Politica en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{kausche2025platform,
  author       = {Kausche, Katharina and Weiss, Moritz},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Platform Power and Regulatory Capture in Digital Governance},
  journaltitle = {Business and Politics},
  volume       = {27},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {284--308},
  doi          = {10.1017/bap.2024.33},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2024.33},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Politica en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{vicente2025divide,
  author       = {Vicente, Mar{\'i}a Rosal{\'i}a and {\'A}lvarez-Rodr{\'i}guez, Carla and Su{\'a}rez-{\'A}lvarez, Ana},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {An Old Familiar Song? Assessing the Artificial Intelligence Divide among the Regions of the European Union and Its Connections with Digital Divides},
  journaltitle = {Telecommunications Policy},
  volume       = {49},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {103030},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103030},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103030},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Politica en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{vandenoord2023network,
  author       = {Van den Oord, Steven and Kenis, Patrick and Raab, J{\"o}rg and Cambr{\'e}, Bart},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Modes of Network Governance Revisited: Assessing Their Prevalence, Promises, and Limitations in the Literature},
  journaltitle = {Public Administration Review},
  volume       = {83},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {1564--1598},
  doi          = {10.1111/puar.13736},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13736},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.2. Politica en la sociedad del conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{pantea2026degrees,
  author       = {Pantea, Maria-Carmen},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Degrees of Doubt: Overqualification as a Blind Spot at the Base of the Knowledge Economy},
  journaltitle = {Minerva},
  volume       = {64},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {217--240},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11024-024-09564-w},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-024-09564-w},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{finger2023citizen,
  author       = {Finger, Lea and van den Bogaert, Vanessa and Schmidt, Lisa and Fleischer, Jens and Stadtler, Marc and Sommer, Katrin and Wirth, Joachim},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {The Science of Citizen Science: A Systematic Literature Review on Educational and Scientific Outcomes},
  journaltitle = {Frontiers in Education},
  volume       = {8},
  pages        = {1226529},
  doi          = {10.3389/feduc.2023.1226529},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1226529},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{villalobos2024edtech,
  author       = {Villalobos, Crist{\'o}bal and Parcerisa, Llu{\'i}s and Castillo, Karla and Olguin, Tom{\'a}s},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {EdTech Companies and Contemporary Digital Educational Governance},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Educational Development},
  volume       = {110},
  pages        = {103141},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103141},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103141},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{ruffin2026security,
  author       = {R{\"u}ffin, Nicolas V. and Cramer, Katharina C. and Mayer, Maximilian and Nock, Philip J.},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {{\textquotedblleft}Research Security{\textquotedblright} in Germany and the United States: Shifting Governance of Scientific Collaboration under Geopolitical Pressure},
  journaltitle = {Global Policy},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {47--57},
  doi          = {10.1111/1758-5899.70103},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70103},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{welp2024minipublics,
  author       = {Welp, Yanina},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Trends in Mini-Publics Research: High Expectations, Mixed Findings, and Clear-Cut Challenges},
  journaltitle = {International Political Science Abstracts},
  volume       = {74},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {383--394},
  doi          = {10.1177/00208345241262093},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/00208345241262093},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participacion publica, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{webb2026citizen,
  author       = {Webb, Adele and Gr{\"o}mping, Max and Mauk, Marlene},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Does Citizen Deliberation inside Representative Institutions Enhance Legitimacy among Non-participating Publics?},
  journaltitle = {European Journal of Political Research},
  pages        = {1--21},
  doi          = {10.1017/S1475676526101509},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S1475676526101509},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participacion publica, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{tessler2024common,
  author       = {Tessler, Michael Henry and Bakker, Michiel A. and Jarrett, Daniel and Sheahan, Hannah and Chadwick, Martin J. and Koster, Raphael and Summerfield, Christopher},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {{AI} Can Help Humans Find Common Ground in Democratic Deliberation},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {386},
  number       = {6719},
  pages        = {eadq2852},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.adq2852},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq2852},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participacion publica, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{moats2025participation,
  author       = {Moats, David and Ganguly, Chandrima},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Bringing {AI} Participation Down to Scale},
  journaltitle = {Patterns},
  volume       = {6},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {101241},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.patter.2025.101241},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2025.101241},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participacion publica, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{slaughter2025community,
  author       = {Slaughter, Isaac and Peytavin, Axel and Ugander, Johan and Saveski, Martin},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Community Notes Reduce Engagement with and Diffusion of False Information Online},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {122},
  number       = {38},
  pages        = {e2503413122},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2503413122},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503413122},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.4. Participacion publica, democracia y conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{holt2019alternative,
  author       = {Holt, Kristoffer and Figenschou, Tine Ustad and Frischlich, Lena},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Key Dimensions of Alternative News Media},
  journaltitle = {Digital Journalism},
  volume       = {7},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {860--869},
  doi          = {10.1080/21670811.2019.1625715},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2019.1625715},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{robards2017scrolling,
  author       = {Robards, Brady and Lincoln, Si{\^a}n},
  year         = {2017},
  title        = {Uncovering Longitudinal Life Narratives: Scrolling Back on Facebook},
  journaltitle = {Qualitative Research},
  volume       = {17},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {715--730},
  doi          = {10.1177/1468794117700707},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794117700707},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{fenwick2022humanizing,
  author       = {Fenwick, Ali and Molnar, Gabor},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {The Importance of Humanizing {AI}: Using a Behavioral Lens to Bridge the Gaps between Humans and Machines},
  journaltitle = {Discover Artificial Intelligence},
  volume       = {2},
  number       = {1},
  doi          = {10.1007/s44163-022-00030-8},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-022-00030-8},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{ulvi2022social,
  author       = {Ulvi, Osman and Karamehic-Muratovic, Ajlina and Baghbanzadeh, Mahdi and Bashir, Ahmed and Smith, Jacob and Haque, Ubydul},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Social Media Use and Mental Health: A Global Analysis},
  journaltitle = {Epidemiologia},
  volume       = {3},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {11--25},
  doi          = {10.3390/epidemiologia3010002},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia3010002},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{guess2023algorithm,
  author       = {Guess, Andrew M. and Malhotra, Neil and Pan, Jennifer and others},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {How Do Social Media Feed Algorithms Affect Attitudes and Behavior in an Election Campaign?},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {381},
  number       = {6656},
  pages        = {398--404},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.abp9364},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abp9364},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{guess2023reshares,
  author       = {Guess, Andrew M. and Malhotra, Neil and Pan, Jennifer and others},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Reshares on Social Media Amplify Political News but Do Not Detectably Affect Beliefs or Opinions},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {381},
  number       = {6656},
  pages        = {404--408},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.add8424},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add8424},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{gonzalezbailon2023asymmetric,
  author       = {Gonz{\'a}lez-Bail{\'o}n, Sandra and Lazer, David and Barber{\'a}, Pablo and others},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Asymmetric Ideological Segregation in Exposure to Political News on Facebook},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {381},
  number       = {6656},
  pages        = {392--398},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.ade7138},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ade7138},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{nyhan2023likeminded,
  author       = {Nyhan, Brendan and Settle, Jaime and Thorson, Emily and Wojcieszak, Magdalena and others},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Like-Minded Sources on Facebook Are Prevalent but Not Polarizing},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
  volume       = {620},
  number       = {7972},
  pages        = {137--144},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41586-023-06297-w},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06297-w},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{hartmann2025echo,
  author       = {Hartmann, David and Wang, Sonja Mei and Pohlmann, Lena and Berendt, Bettina},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {A Systematic Review of Echo Chamber Research: Comparative Analysis of Conceptualizations, Operationalizations, and Varying Outcomes},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Computational Social Science},
  volume       = {8},
  number       = {2},
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  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{budak2024misunderstanding,
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  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Misunderstanding the Harms of Online Misinformation},
  journaltitle = {Nature},
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  pages        = {45--53},
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  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{vandijck2014datafication,
  author       = {van Dijck, Jos{\'e}},
  year         = {2014},
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  journaltitle = {Surveillance \& Society},
  volume       = {12},
  number       = {2},
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  doi          = {10.24908/ss.v12i2.4776},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v12i2.4776},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@book{veliz2020privacy,
  author       = {V{\'e}liz, Carissa},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Privacy Is Power: Why and How You Should Take Back Control of Your Data},
  publisher    = {Bantam Press},
  location     = {Londres},
  isbn         = {9781787634046},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@book{veliz2024ethics,
  author       = {V{\'e}liz, Carissa},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {The Ethics of Privacy and Surveillance},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  location     = {Oxford},
  isbn         = {9780198870173},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@book{coeckelbergh2022political,
  author       = {Coeckelbergh, Mark},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {The Political Philosophy of {AI}: An Introduction},
  publisher    = {Polity Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  isbn         = {9781509548545},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@book{coeckelbergh2024democracy,
  author       = {Coeckelbergh, Mark},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Why {AI} Undermines Democracy and What to Do about It},
  publisher    = {Polity Press},
  location     = {Cambridge},
  isbn         = {9781509560929},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{klenk2022manipulation,
  author       = {Klenk, Michael},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {(Online) Manipulation: Sometimes Hidden, Always Careless},
  journaltitle = {Review of Social Economy},
  volume       = {80},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {85--105},
  doi          = {10.1080/00346764.2021.1894350},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00346764.2021.1894350},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{susser2019technology,
  author       = {Susser, Daniel and Roessler, Beate and Nissenbaum, Helen},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Technology, Autonomy, and Manipulation},
  journaltitle = {Internet Policy Review},
  volume       = {8},
  number       = {2},
  doi          = {10.14763/2019.2.1410},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.2.1410},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{kitchin2014bigdata,
  author       = {Kitchin, Rob},
  year         = {2014},
  title        = {Big Data, New Epistemologies and Paradigm Shifts},
  journaltitle = {Big Data \& Society},
  volume       = {1},
  number       = {1},
  doi          = {10.1177/2053951714528481},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951714528481},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{andrews2026immortal,
  author       = {Andrews, Mel},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {The Immortal Science of {ML}: Machine Learning and the Theory-Free Ideal},
  journaltitle = {Erkenntnis},
  volume       = {91},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {2685--2707},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10670-025-01010-x},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-025-01010-x},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{anderson2008theory,
  author       = {Anderson, Chris},
  year         = {2008},
  title        = {The End of Theory: The Data Deluge Makes the Scientific Method Obsolete},
  organization = {Wired},
  url          = {https://www.wired.com/2008/06/pb-theory/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{meijer2019predictive,
  author       = {Meijer, Albert and Wessels, Martijn},
  year         = {2019},
  title        = {Predictive Policing: Review of Benefits and Drawbacks},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Public Administration},
  volume       = {42},
  number       = {12},
  pages        = {1031--1039},
  doi          = {10.1080/01900692.2019.1575664},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2019.1575664},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{brayne2021technologies,
  author       = {Brayne, Sarah and Christin, Ang{\`e}le},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Technologies of Crime Prediction: The Reception of Algorithms in Policing and Criminal Courts},
  journaltitle = {Social Problems},
  volume       = {68},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {608--624},
  doi          = {10.1093/socpro/spaa004},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spaa004},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{alikhademi2022fairness,
  author       = {Alikhademi, Kiana and Drobina, Emma and Prioleau, Diandra and Richardson, Brianna and Purves, Duncan and Gilbert, Juan E.},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {A Review of Predictive Policing from the Perspective of Fairness},
  journaltitle = {Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  volume       = {30},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {1--17},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10506-021-09286-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10506-021-09286-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{saunders2016predictions,
  author       = {Saunders, Jessica and Hunt, Priscillia and Hollywood, John S.},
  year         = {2016},
  title        = {Predictions Put into Practice: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Chicago{\textquotesingle}s Predictive Policing Pilot},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Experimental Criminology},
  volume       = {12},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {347--371},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11292-016-9272-0},
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  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{oigchicago2020advisory,
  author       = {{Office of Inspector General, City of Chicago}},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Advisory Concerning the Chicago Police Department{\textquotesingle}s Predictive Risk Models},
  organization = {Office of Inspector General},
  url          = {https://igchicago.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/OIG-Advisory-Concerning-CPDs-Predictive-Risk-Models-.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.6. Dataismo, Internet de las Cosas, algoritmos y machine learning},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{noy2023experimental,
  author       = {Noy, Shakked and Zhang, Whitney},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Experimental Evidence on the Productivity Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {381},
  number       = {6654},
  pages        = {187--192},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.adh2586},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adh2586},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{dellacqua2026jagged,
  author       = {Dell{\textquotesingle}Acqua, Fabrizio and McFowland III, Edward and Mollick, Ethan and Lifshitz-Assaf, Hila and Kellogg, Katherine C. and others},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality},
  journaltitle = {Organization Science},
  volume       = {37},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {403--423},
  doi          = {10.1287/orsc.2025.21838},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2025.21838},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{brynjolfsson2025generative,
  author       = {Brynjolfsson, Erik and Li, Danielle and Raymond, Lindsey},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Generative {AI} at Work},
  journaltitle = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
  volume       = {140},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {889--942},
  doi          = {10.1093/qje/qjae044},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjae044},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{bastani2025guardrails,
  author       = {Bastani, Hamsa and Bastani, Osbert and Sungu, Alp and Ge, Haosen and Kabak{\c{c}}{\i}, {\"O}zge and Mariman, Rei},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Generative {AI} without Guardrails Can Harm Learning: Evidence from High School Mathematics},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {122},
  pages        = {e2422633122},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2422633122},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2422633122},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{lee2025critical,
  author       = {Lee, Hao-Ping and Sarkar, Advait and Tankelevitch, Lev and Drosos, Ian and Rintel, Sean and Banks, Richard and Wilson, Nicholas},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {The Impact of Generative {AI} on Critical Thinking: Self-Reported Reductions in Cognitive Effort and Confidence Effects from a Survey of Knowledge Workers},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
  pages        = {1--22},
  doi          = {10.1145/3706598.3713778},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3706598.3713778},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{dwivedi2023sowhat,
  author       = {Dwivedi, Yogesh K. and Kshetri, Nir and Hughes, Laurie and Slade, Emma L. and Jeyaraj, Anand and others},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Opinion Paper: {\textquotedblleft}So What if ChatGPT Wrote It?{\textquotedblright} Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and Implications of Generative Conversational {AI} for Research, Practice and Policy},
  journaltitle = {International Journal of Information Management},
  volume       = {71},
  pages        = {102642},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{garante2025replika,
  author       = {{Garante per la protezione dei dati personali}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Provvedimento del 10 aprile 2025 nei confronti di Luka Inc. (Replika), doc. web n. 10130115},
  organization = {Garante per la protezione dei dati personali},
  url          = {https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/10130115},
  langid       = {italian},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{defreitas2026companions,
  author       = {De Freitas, Julian and O{\v{g}}uz-U{\v{g}}uralp, Zeliha and U{\v{g}}uralp, Ahmet Kaan and Puntoni, Stefano},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {{AI} Companions Reduce Loneliness},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Consumer Research},
  volume       = {52},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {1126--1148},
  doi          = {10.1093/jcr/ucaf040},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucaf040},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{kim2025chatbots,
  author       = {Kim, Minjin and Lee, Sooyeon and Kim, Sungjun and Heo, Jeong-in and Lee, Seonghyeon and Shin, Yu-Bin and Cho, Chul-Hyun and Jung, Dooyoung},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Therapeutic Potential of Social Chatbots in Alleviating Loneliness and Social Anxiety: Quasi-Experimental Mixed Methods Study},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  volume       = {27},
  pages        = {e65589},
  doi          = {10.2196/65589},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.2196/65589},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.7. La irrupcion de ChatGPT y otros servicios de IA generativa},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{annepaka2025llm,
  author       = {Annepaka, Yadagiri and Pakray, Partha},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Large Language Models: A Survey of Their Development, Capabilities, and Applications},
  journaltitle = {Knowledge and Information Systems},
  volume       = {67},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {2967--3022},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10115-024-02310-4},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-024-02310-4},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{kjell2024beyond,
  author       = {Kjell, Oscar N. E. and Kjell, Katarina and Schwartz, H. Andrew},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Beyond Rating Scales: With Targeted Evaluation, Language Models Are Poised for Psychological Assessment},
  journaltitle = {Psychiatry Research},
  volume       = {333},
  pages        = {115667},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115667},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115667},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{morenomunoz2024gradualismo,
  author       = {Moreno Muñoz, Miguel},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {Gradualismo versus singularidad en la interpretación de riesgos asociados con la inteligencia artificial general},
  organization = {Revista de la Sociedad de Lógica, Metodología y Filosofía de la Ciencia en España, núm. 68: 37--47},
  url          = {https://solofici.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Revista-de-la-Sociedad-de-Logica-Metodologia-y-Filosofia-de-la-Ciencia-en-Espana-num.-68-febrero-2024.pdf},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeño equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{roldanmones2024genai,
  author       = {Rold{\'a}n-Mon{\'e}s, Toni},
  year         = {2024},
  title        = {When GenAI Increases Inequality: Evidence from a University Debating Competition},
  organization = {EsadeEcPol},
  url          = {https://www.esade.edu/ecpol/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2409-ChatGPTRoldan_ecpol.pdf},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@article{johnson2025phd,
  author       = {Johnson, Derrick},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = mar,
  day          = {6},
  title        = {OpenAI's PhD-Level {AI} Agent for \$20,000 Per Month Sparkes Debate},
  journaltitle = {Medium},
  url          = {https://medium.com/@derrickjswork/openais-phd-level-ai-agent-for-20-000-per-month-sparkes-debate-2cb26be7cb69},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {LITERATURA-GRIS-2026-09-01 | entrada de blog que recoge la filtracion de marzo de 2025 sobre agentes de 2.000, 10.000 y 20.000 dolares mensuales, que no llego a materializarse como producto | el titulo reproduce la errata del original ("Sparkes" por "Sparks") | fusionada con la antigua johnson2025openais},
}

@online{openai2025agent,
  author       = {{OpenAI}},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Introducing ChatGPT Agent},
  organization = {OpenAI},
  url          = {https://openai.com/index/introducing-chatgpt-agent/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{openai2026frontier,
  author       = {{OpenAI}},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Frontier: una plataforma empresarial para construir y gestionar agentes de IA},
  organization = {OpenAI},
  url          = {https://openai.com/es-ES/business/frontier/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.8. Agentes de IA con desempeno equivalente al de expertos con nivel de doctorado},
  verificacion = {verificada-url | anunciada el 5 de febrero de 2026},
}

@misc{nxcode2026openai,
  author  = {{NxCode}},
  title   = {Guía de OpenAI Frontier: Plataforma de Agentes de IA…},
  year    = {2026},
  month   = february,
  day     = {13},
  url     = {https://www.nxcode.io/es/resources/news/openai-frontier-enterprise-ai-agent-platform-guide-2026},
  note    = {NxCode; en español},
  urldate = {2026-02-13}
}

@misc{gottweis2025ai,
  author       = {Gottweis, Juraj and Natarajan, Vivek},
  title        = {Accelerating scientific breakthroughs with an AI co-scientist},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = february,
  day          = {19},
  howpublished = {Google Research Blog},
  url          = {https://research.google/blog/accelerating-scientific-breakthroughs-with-an-ai-co-scientist/},
  note         = {Entrada del blog; presenta AI co‑scientist, un sistema multiagente construido con Gemini 2.0 como colaborador científico virtual}
}

@online{ce2026menores,
  author       = {{Comision Europea}},
  year         = {2026},
  month        = apr,
  day          = {29},
  title        = {Commission Preliminarily Finds Meta in Breach of Digital Services Act for Failing to Prevent Minors under 13 from Using Instagram and Facebook},
  organization = {Comision Europea, IP/26/920},
  url          = {https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_920},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-oficial-2026-09-01 | conclusiones PRELIMINARES, sin decision firme},
}

@online{ce2026diseno,
  author       = {{Comision Europea}},
  year         = {2026},
  month        = jul,
  day          = {10},
  title        = {Commission Preliminarily Finds the Addictive Design of Instagram and Facebook in Breach of the Digital Services Act},
  organization = {Comision Europea, IP/26/1579},
  url          = {https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-preliminarily-finds-addictive-design-instagram-and-facebook-breach-digital-services-act},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-oficial-2026-09-01 | conclusiones PRELIMINARES, sin decision firme},
}

@online{calag2026meta,
  author       = {{Fiscalia General de California}},
  year         = {2026},
  month        = aug,
  day          = {26},
  title        = {Attorney General Bonta Secures Transformative \$17 Billion Settlement with Meta},
  organization = {California Department of Justice},
  url          = {https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-secures-transformative-17-billion-settlement-meta},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-oficial-2026-09-01 | acuerdo con 51 fiscales generales, sujeto a aprobacion judicial; la prensa da cifras entre 16.700 y 18.000 millones, se usa la oficial},
}

@online{conseil2026social,
  author       = {{Conseil constitutionnel}},
  year         = {2026},
  month        = aug,
  day          = {14},
  title        = {Decision n. 2026-911 DC du 14 aout 2026, loi visant a proteger les mineurs des risques auxquels les expose l'utilisation des reseaux sociaux},
  organization = {Conseil constitutionnel},
  url          = {https://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/decision/2026/2026911DC.htm},
  langid       = {french},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.5. Redes sociales y redes de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-oficial-2026-09-01 | censura del art. 1 por restriccion desproporcionada y garantias insuficientes en la verificacion de edad},
}

@article{khattar2026mining,
  author       = {Khattar, Pranay and Kostakis, Vasilis},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Mining the Commons: {AI} Extraction, Wikipedia, and the Case for a Multi-stakeholder Settlement},
  journaltitle = {Internet Policy Review},
  volume       = {15},
  number       = {1},
  url          = {https://policyreview.info/articles/news/commons-ai-extraction-wikipedia/2089},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | la revista no asigno DOI a este articulo},
}

@article{froneman2026wikipedia,
  author       = {Froneman, Willemien},
  year         = {2026},
  title        = {Failed Comprehensiveness, Successful Minimalism: Wikipedia's 3-Year Struggle to Govern {AI}-Generated Content (2022-2025)},
  journaltitle = {AI \& Society},
  volume       = {41},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {7045--7061},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00146-026-03046-1},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-026-03046-1},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01},
}

@online{chapekis2025google,
  author       = {Chapekis, Athena and Lieb, Anna},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = jul,
  day          = {22},
  title        = {Google Users Are Less Likely to Click on Links When an {AI} Summary Appears in the Results},
  organization = {Pew Research Center},
  url          = {https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/07/22/google-users-are-less-likely-to-click-on-links-when-an-ai-summary-appears-in-the-results/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | n = 900 adultos de EE. UU., 68.879 busquedas, marzo de 2025},
}

@online{wikimedia2025trends,
  author       = {{Wikimedia Foundation}},
  year         = {2025},
  month        = oct,
  day          = {17},
  title        = {New User Trends on Wikipedia},
  organization = {Diff},
  url          = {https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 6.3. Del acceso a la participacion activa en la generacion de conocimiento},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-01 | entrada institucional sin firma personal confirmada},
}

@article{huszar2022amplification,
  author       = {Husz{\'a}r, Ferenc and Ktena, Sofia Ira and O'Brien, Conor and Belli, Luca and Schlaikjer, Andrew and Hardt, Moritz},
  year         = {2022},
  title        = {Algorithmic Amplification of Politics on {Twitter}},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {119},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {e2025334119},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2025334119},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025334119},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | experimento interno de la plataforma con acceso a datos propios; los autores advierten de que no identifican el mecanismo de la amplificacion},
}

@article{milli2025engagement,
  author       = {Milli, Smitha and Carroll, Micah and Wang, Yike and Pandey, Sashrika and Zhao, Sebastian and Dragan, Anca D.},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Engagement, User Satisfaction, and the Amplification of Divisive Content on Social Media},
  journaltitle = {PNAS Nexus},
  volume       = {4},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {pgaf062},
  doi          = {10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf062},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf062},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | auditoria preregistrada; separa preferencia revelada de preferencia declarada},
}

@inproceedings{ye2025auditing,
  author       = {Ye, Jinyi and Luceri, Luca and Ferrara, Emilio},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Auditing Political Exposure Bias: Algorithmic Amplification on {Twitter/X} During the 2024 {U.S.} Presidential Election},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2025 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT '25)},
  doi          = {10.1145/3715275.3732159},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3715275.3732159},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | revisado por pares; auditoria con 120 cuentas sonda},
}

@article{haroon2023auditing,
  author       = {Haroon, Muhammad and Wojcieszak, Magdalena and Chhabra, Anshuman and Liu, Xin and Mohapatra, Prasant and Shafiq, Zubair},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Auditing {YouTube}'s Recommendation System for Ideologically Congenial, Extreme, and Problematic Recommendations},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {120},
  number       = {50},
  pages        = {e2213020120},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2213020120},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213020120},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02},
}

@inproceedings{ribeiro2020auditing,
  author       = {Ribeiro, Manoel Horta and Ottoni, Raphael and West, Robert and Almeida, Virg{\'i}lio A. F. and Meira, Wagner},
  year         = {2020},
  title        = {Auditing Radicalization Pathways on {YouTube}},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency},
  pages        = {131--141},
  doi          = {10.1145/3351095.3372879},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372879},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02},
}

@article{hosseinmardi2021examining,
  author       = {Hosseinmardi, Homa and Ghasemian, Amir and Clauset, Aaron and Mobius, Markus and Rothschild, David M. and Watts, Duncan J.},
  year         = {2021},
  title        = {Examining the Consumption of Radical Content on {YouTube}},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {118},
  number       = {32},
  pages        = {e2101967118},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2101967118},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101967118},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | contrapunto a Ribeiro et al.: el consumo se explica mejor por preferencias previas},
}

@article{liu2025filterbubble,
  author       = {Liu, Naijia and Hu, Xinlan Emily and Savas, Yasemin and Baum, Matthew A. and Berinsky, Adam J. and Guess, Andrew M. and Knox, Dean and Stewart, Brandon M.},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {Short-Term Exposure to Filter-Bubble Recommendation Systems Has Limited Polarization Effects: Naturalistic Experiments on {YouTube}},
  journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume       = {122},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {e2318127122},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2318127122},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2318127122},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | cuatro experimentos, unos 9.000 participantes; efecto persuasivo no detectado a corto plazo},
}

@article{vosoughi2018spread,
  author       = {Vosoughi, Soroush and Roy, Deb and Aral, Sinan},
  year         = {2018},
  title        = {The Spread of True and False News Online},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume       = {359},
  number       = {6380},
  pages        = {1146--1151},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.aap9559},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: 2. Asimetria en la evolucion del consenso cientifico y el debate social / Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | alcance real: cascadas de rumores verificados en una sola plataforma, 2006-2017; el coautor Deb Roy advirtio publicamente en marzo de 2018 de la sobreinterpretacion del alcance del estudio},
}

@online{wapo2020antigreta,
  author       = {Butler, Desmond and Eilperin, Juliet},
  title        = {The Anti-Greta: A Conservative Think Tank Takes on the Global Phenomenon},
  year         = {2020},
  month        = {feb},
  day          = {23},
  publisher    = {The Washington Post},
  url          = {https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2020/02/23/meet-anti-greta-young-youtuber-campaigning-against-climate-alarmism/},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Epílogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-editor-2026-09-02 | documenta la contratación de Naomi Seibt por el Heartland Institute en enero de 2020 y la financiación de equipo y producción de vídeo},
}

@misc{moreno2025tribu,
  author       = {Moreno Mu{\~n}oz, Miguel},
  year         = {2025},
  title        = {La tribu desinformada. Sobre el valor del conocimiento para la cooperaci{\'o}n social},
  version      = {2},
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.15484149},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15484149},
  langid       = {spanish},
  keywords     = {secciones: 1. Conocer a traves de otros / 2. El uso toxico de la epistemologia / Epilogo},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-fuente-primaria-2026-09-02 | publicacion propia del autor},
}

% ---------------------------------------------------------------------
% Anadidas al completar la pagina de recursos (04/09/2026): sostienen la
% cautela sobre detectores de texto generado.
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------

@article{weberwulff2023detection,
  author       = {Weber-Wulff, Debora and Anohina-Naumeca, Alla and Bjelobaba, Sonja and Foltýnek, Tomáš and Guerrero-Dib, Jean and Popoola, Olumide and Šigut, Petr and Waddington, Lorna},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {Testing of detection tools for {AI}-generated text},
  journaltitle = {International Journal for Educational Integrity},
  volume       = {19},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {26},
  doi          = {10.1007/s40979-023-00146-z},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-023-00146-z},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Recursos y asistentes},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-04},
}

@article{liang2023detectors,
  author       = {Liang, Weixin and Yuksekgonul, Mert and Mao, Yining and Wu, Eric and Zou, James},
  year         = {2023},
  title        = {{GPT} detectors are biased against non-native {E}nglish writers},
  journaltitle = {Patterns},
  volume       = {4},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {100779},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.patter.2023.100779},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2023.100779},
  langid       = {english},
  keywords     = {secciones: Recursos y asistentes},
  verificacion = {VERIFICADO-crossref-2026-09-04},
}

@online{vanegas2026,
  author    = {Vanegas, Santiago},
  title     = {“Nunca se había privado a tantos niños del acceso a tantas historias”: el crecimiento imparable de la prohibición de libros en escuelas públicas de EE.UU.},
  year      = {2026},
  month     = {sep},
  day       = {4},
  publisher = {BBC News Mundo},
  url       = {https://www.bbc.com/mundo/articles/cm2g66y4npro},
}